Guzmania: Zinsinsi za Chisamaliro

Guzmania (Guzmania) - chomera chapadera cha banja la Bromeliad, chomwe chilengedwe chimakongoletsa madera otentha aku South America. Duwa ili ndi epiphyte, chifukwa chake limakonda kumera ngati mitengo. Koma gusmania sikuti tiziromboti. Amadyanso gawo lapansi, lomwe limakhala makamaka ndi zitosi za mbalame, makungwa akufa ndi tizilombo tofa. Kuphatikiza apo, gusmania ndiyomera pachaka, zomwe zimadabwitsa anthu ambiri oyambira kulima. Maluwa ndi osangalatsa komanso okongola; Koma mukakula ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti mpweya wa nkhalango yamvula ndiwotentha kwambiri, wotentha komanso mpweya wabwino.

Zomera zoyambirira zamtunduwu zinali zazitali, koma mitundu yambiri yamakono imakhala ndi 25cm komanso 25 cm. Maluwa ake ndi okongola komanso achilendo. Maluwa osakhazikika amamasula kwa masiku ochepa chabe, ndipo mabulangeki (masamba apamwamba a rosette) amakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe kwa masabata 17.

Mitundu yambiri ya gusmania imadziwika. Mwa awa, otchuka kwambiri - "Luna" wokhala ndi nthambo yotulutsa mawu. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi chikasu, chofiirira, chofiirira kapena cha pinki inflorescence. Masamba okhala ndi masamba obiriwira owala amakhala olimbikira kuposa mitundu yokhala ndi masamba omwe amakhala ndi tint.

Zinsinsi za Gusmania Care Kunyumba

Mukamagula gusmania, simuyenera kuthamangira kuti mukaike mumphika. Lolani mbewuyo kukhalabe momwe idagulidwira kwakanthawi. Ngati duwa ndi lalikulupo, pakatha milungu ingapo lidzasinthidwa kukhala lalikulu komanso lozama la maluwa. Thirani ya gusmania iyenera kuchitika mosamala, kuyesa kuvulaza mizu yovunda.

Gusmania imayikidwa pawindo loyatsidwa bwino koma lowoneka bwino. Pazenera lakumwera, maluwa adzawala kuposa kumpoto. Dzuwa lolunjika ndilosafunika, chifukwa limatha kuwotcha timapepala. Kutentha kwa gusmania ndikofunikira kukhalabe koyenera pachaka chonse: nthawi yozizira ya 16-18 ° C, nthawi yotentha pang'ono kuposa - 18-24 ° C. Pamatenthedwe apamwamba, gusmania iyenera kuthiridwa magazi ndi madzi ofunda.

Gusmania imatsanuliridwa mu tsamba lotulutsa masambamudzaze ndi madzi osalala a 2-3 cm. Madzi akale amathiridwa ndipo mwatsopano amathiridwa sabata iliyonse. Nthaka mumphika imanyowetsedwa pokhapokha kuwuma. Kuthirira madzi ndizowopsa kwa gusmania kuposa chilala. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumatentha mpaka 18 ° C, madzi amatulutsidwa m'malo, chifukwa amatha kubowoleza masamba.

Zomera zimadyetsedwa pamwezi chaka chonse ndi manyowa amadzimadzi a bromeliads. Kutulutsa kwa gusmania kumadzazidwa ndi yankho lomwelo, gawo lapansi limasungunuka, ndipo masamba amafukusidwa. M'chilimwe, mchere umatsukidwa kawiri kuchokera mumphika.

Pachimake cha gusmania M'malo mwake, ngati mabatani afota, mbewu imafa, ndikusiya njira yaying'ono m'munsi mwa masamba, pomwe duwa limachulukanso. Mphukira zikamakula mpaka 14cm, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa kuchokera kumtengowo ndikuziyika zina zazing'ono (mpaka 15 cm mulifupi) muli, zazifupi komanso zotsika.

Asanadzalemo gusmania, mphika umadzaza theka la zotungira: (miyala, dongo lokwanilidwa, zidutswa za ziwiya zosweka), zomwe ziteteza mizu kuti isakokoloke madzi, chifukwa chake kuwola. Wophika gawo lapansi kuchokera ku dothi lamtambo, mchenga, peat, humus umathiridwa pamtunda (2: 1: 1: 1). Pazachulutsa onjezerani zidutswa za makala opera, singano ndi khungwa la mitengo yotentha. Kusakaniza koyenera kwa gusmania ndi dothi la bromeliads kapena orchid.

Kuyika kwa Gusmania kumachitika bwino kwambiri mu April, pomwe gawo lapansi silimalimbitsa mwamphamvu. Kutengera ndi mikhalidwe yakumangidwa, mbewu zatsopano zidzaphuka pambuyo pa zaka 2-3. Ngati mphukira zalekanitsidwa ndi chomera, ndiye kuti gusmania imaphuka bwino kwambiri, ndipo kubereka kumachitika mwachilengedwe.

Gusmania imasinthidwa chaka chilichonsemizu ikadzaza mumphika wochepa. Kuthekera kumatengedwa pang'ono, koma osati lalikulu kwambiri. Mphika wawung'ono umalimbikitsa maluwa mwachangu.

Gusmania imawoneka yochititsa chidwi pa snag yapamwamba, chipolopolo chochokera ku coconut kapena pamtengo wa khungwa. Mizu ya dengayo imakulungidwa ndi sphagnum moss, kenako imalumikizidwa ndi khungwa ndi waya. Koma kukulitsa maluwa mwanjira imeneyi, muyenera kuyesetsa kuthirira, popeza dothi limaphwa msanga.