Mammillaria (Mammillaria) ndi chomera cha banja la Cactus. Kwawo - Mexico, South America. Mitundu ina imakulanso ku Guatemala, Honduras, Venezuela ndi Colombia.
Mammillaria ndi cactus yaying'ono, yokongoletsa kwambiri komanso yosasamala, yomwe imayikapo kwambiri ndi masamba ochepa komanso ambiri owonda. Amakhulupilira kuti mtundu wamtunduwu wa cacti udapita patsogolo mwa chisinthiko ndipo ndi chitsanzo cha kusinthika kwakuthupi kotentha kwambiri. Kukula kwa mbewu kumasiyana kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 20 cm komanso kuchokera 1 mpaka 40 cm kutalika.
M'mene Mammillaria Cactus Amamasulira M'chilengedwe
Cactus mammillaria imatha kukhala ndi zotumphukira, zotakata kapena zopindika zotsekemera zokhala ndi ma tubercles ozungulira. Pali mitundu yonse iwiri yolima yolima limodzi, ndikupanga kudziunjikira kwamitundumitundu chifukwa cha mphukira yofunika. M'malo mwa nthiti zopezeka mitundu yambiri ya cacti, papilla kapena tubercle ya mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana okhala pansi pamtengowo, ndikupanga mizere yolowera, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatha kukhala chimodzi mwazindikiritso zamtundu winawake. Kapangidwe koteroko ndi mtundu wamatimu oteteza - mpira waung'onoting'ono umasuntha bwino kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndipo madziwo amatuluka. Komanso, mawonekedwe a mbewu amapangidwira kuti azitha kudziunjikira mame, omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri ukamunyowetsa nyengo yopanda.
Mizu yokhala ngati maluwa a mammillaria ndi chophukira chamkati, chomwe, ndichopanda minyewa ndipo chingakhale ndi makulidwe akulu kwambiri.
Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amawonekera m'magulu. Kutengera mtunduwo, amazijambula utoto wachikasu, wofiyira, wapinki kapena yoyera. Pamalo omwe pali maluwa otchedwa aola, zolengedwa zoyamwitsa zimakutidwa ndi mitundu yambiri yazing'onozing'ono komanso pansi. Maluwa pawokha atha kukhala ngati chubu, belu kapena bwalo lathyathyathya. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'onoting'ono, koma mitundu ina yokhala ndi ma spikes okhala ngati mbedza, imatha kukula mpaka 3 cm. Kutalika kwa petal iliyonse kumasiyana kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 8.5 mm.
Mammillaria cactus amatha kuphuka mwachilengedwe nthawi yonse ya chilimwe, ndipo mwezi umodzi wokha, chifukwa mitundu yambiri iyi ndi nthawi kuyambira Epulo mpaka Meyi.
Pambuyo pake, mbewuyo imabala zipatso - sinuses zazing'ono zoyera, zachikaso kapena zobiriwira ndi mbewu. Poyamba zimakhala zazing'ono kwambiri kotero kuti sizingatheke kuzizindikira kumbuyo kwa minga, koma kenako zimawonekera pansi.
Mitundu yonse ya zinyama: mayina, malongosoledwe ndi zithunzi pa maluwa
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kuti si mitundu yonse ya mammor cactus omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe omwewo - chiwerengero chawo chimaposa mitundu ya 180, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso imakhala yokongola kwambiri nthawi ya maluwa. Otsatirawa ndi kufotokoza kwa ena a iwo.
Mitundu yotchuka ikuphatikiza:
Satin Mammillaria (M. bobycina);
Blonde Mammillaria (M. albicoma);
Mammillaria The Haye (M. haagea);
Elegant Mammillaria (M. gracilis);
Wokongola Mammillaria (M. formosa);
Mammillaria Matude (M. matudae);
Wokongola Mammillaria (M. perbella);
Mammillaria wamutu wofundidwa ndi chipale (M chionocephala).
Mammillaria Bokasanskaya (Mammillaria bocasana). Monga tikuwonera pachithunzichi, mtundu wa cactus Mammillaria ali ndi malo osuta kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake amayamikiridwa ndi ambiri wamaluwa. Ichi ndi chomera chaching'ono chomwe chimapanga chitsamba cha magulu okhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ampira. Gawo lonse lakunja la dalalo limakutidwa ndi mulu wokhala ndi tsitsi, kutalika kwake limafikira masentimita 2,5. Pakati pakapangidwa kalikonse pansi pali msana wawukulu wakuda. Mitundu yambiri imayamikiridwa ndi otulutsa maluwa chifukwa cha izi, chifukwa mammillaria amatulutsa maluwa okongola kwambiri.
Mammillaria "Carmen" (Mammillaria carmenae). Ali mwana, chomeracho chimangokhala payokha ndipo chimakhala ngati mawonekedwe owombera mpira, koma m'kupita kwa nthawi chimatambalala ndipo chimakhala ngati silinda. Cacti wokhwima kale amapereka mphukira zazing'ono zambiri, zomwe zimapanga chitsamba chobiriwira, m'lifupi mwake chomwe chimatha kufika masentimita 16. Kutalika kwa chomera sikupitirira masentimita 9. Atali a maluwa amenewa amaphimbidwa ndi minga yambiri ndi minga. Maluwa amatha kukhala ndi kirimu kapena utoto wotuwa wa pinki komanso yaying'ono. Mwa mitundu ina yonse, mammillaria iyi imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukana kwambiri kutentha, komwe ndikofunikira kuti ikulidwe m'malo otentha kwambiri.
Mammillaria ndi wokongola (M. perbella). Mtengowo uli ndi mpira wowongoka pang'ono, kutalika kwake osafikira masentimita 6. Chiwerengero chaching'ono cha spines chaching'ono chimapezekanso pa pubescent areoles. Maluwa ndi ofiira okongola ndi utoto pang'ono.
Blond Mammillaria (M. albicoma). Monga tikuwonera pachithunzichi, mammillaria amtunduwu adadzipatsa dzina chifukwa cha kutsitsimuka, ndikupanga chophimba choyera pankhope yonse ya cactus. Ili ndi kukula kocheperako komanso mawonekedwe ake. Maluwa ndi oyera kapena kirimu wowoneka bwino komanso wokongola kwambiri pakati.
Mammillaria wokongola (M. gracilis). Cactus iyi ndi imodzi mwazinyama zomwe zimakonda kwambiri, zomwe poyerekeza ndi ana ake zimakhala ndi kukula kwakukulu - masentimita 12. Chingwe cha barrel ndi masentimita 5. Mtunduwu umakhalanso ndi tsitsi lopangidwa bwino, lomwe lingapangitse kuti lizioneka ngati intaneti yoluka kuchokera kutali. . Mbali yodziwika bwino ya nkhadze iyi ndi mphukira zambiri, komanso maluwa otentha nyengo yachisanu. Maluwa ake ali ngati utoto wozungulira, wamtali, wowala wachikasu.
Momwe mungasamalire moyenera cactus mammillaria muzipinda
Musanayambe kusamalira cactus mammillaria, ndikofunikira kuti mbewu ipatsidwe bwino.
Mtengowo ndiwofera, koma kumapeto kwa Okutobala - kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, dzuwa litayamba, pamafunika kupindika pang'ono. Kupanda kutero, mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamakoko - amayaka. Kuwala kwakukulu makamaka ndikofunikira kwa toyesa kwambiri cham'mimba. Zenera lakumwera ndilabwino kwambiri pamtengowo. Mwa mitundu ina ya cacti, maola masana masitepe otentha sakhala okwanira, kotero mbewu izi zimafunikira zowunikira zowonjezereka.
Mitundu ina ya mammillaria imasiyana osati mu data yakunja, komanso mu kulolera kwawo kosiyana kutentha. Pomwe mbewu zina zimasangalala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kuwala kwambiri, zina zimafunikira malo abwino.
M'dzinja, duwa limamverera bwino kwambiri madigiri 22 - 25. M'nyengo yozizira, kukonza kumalimbikitsidwa kutentha kwa 8-10 ° C. Komabe, mitundu ya pubescent ngakhale nthawi yozizira siyenera kusiyidwa mu magawo 15 pansi pa madigiri. Kukazizira nyengo yachisanu ndikofunikira pa chomera ichi ndikofunikira kuti chizikhala ndi mwayi wopeza mphamvu komanso pachimake. Imaperekanso maluwa ambiri. Amakhulupirira kuti m'chilimwe ndibwino kusungitsa mammillaria mu mpweya wabwino, chifukwa izi zimachitika kuti mbewuyo imapatsidwanso kutentha masana. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti mvula sigwere pa mammillaria.
Imalekerera mpweya wouma wamkati, chifukwa nthawi zambiri chilala chimapezeka munyengo yazomera za mbewuyi. Kuti athe kusamalira bwino maamact cactus, ndikofunikira kuyandikira pafupi momwe zingathere kukula kwake ku zachilengedwe. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuwaza mbewu pang'onopang'ono usiku, kuti izitha kulandira chinyezi monga momwe imalandirira m'malo achilengedwe kuchokera mame. Amakanizidwa kuchita njirayi pomwe kuwala kwadzuwa kugwa pamaluwa.
Gawo lake ndi dothi komanso tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono, mchenga ndi masamba a nsangalabwi (1: 1: 0,5: 0). Palinso zosakaniza zopangidwa ndi cacti, zomwe mungagule ku malo ogulitsa maluwa alionse.
Monga tanena kale, chisamaliro choyenera cha mammillaria kunyumba zimatengera amtunduwo, kaya ndi pubescent.
Mitundu yokhala ndi villi yayikulu pamitundu yantchito imapirira ndipo imakhala ngati nyengo yotentha. Zomera izi, ngakhale mu nthawi ya chilimwe, zimatha kumva bwino ndikathirira kwambiri ngati muzipopera tsiku lililonse. Kupanda kutero, m'chilimwe, kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi madzi oyimirira ndikofunikira. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa sabata kapena kamodzi pamasabata awiri aliwonse, kuti mpira wadothi ukhale ndi nthawi yoti uume. Muyenera kuthirira ndimadzi ochepa, apo ayi maluwa amatha kuwonongeka. M'nyengo yozizira, mitundu ina ya mbewu imatha kuyiwalika. Ambiri amafunikira kunyowa kamodzi pamwezi. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuthirira kuyambira koyambirira kwa Ogasiti.
Kuti muzitha kusamalira bwino kamthumbu kam'madzi, ndikofunikira, monga mbewu zina zonse, kudyetsa ndi feteleza woyenera. Izi zimachitika bwino kuyambira pakati pa kasupe mpaka pakati pa chilimwe.
Kuyika ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri kuti chisamaliro cha mammillaria cactus athere, chifukwa kunyumba chomera chimatulutsa mwachangu zinthu zonse zopatsa moyo kuchokera m'nthaka ndipo pomaliza pake imakhala yayikulu kwambiri kuti isaphika. Zachinyamata, zomwe zikukula ndizofunika kuziika chaka chilichonse. Kukhala okhwima - pokhapokha pakufunika thandizo. Mwa cactus uyu, ndikwabwino kusankha mphika bwino, chifukwa amalola mphukira yowonjezereka - ana, omwe pamapeto pake amapanga chitsamba. Kuya kwa chotengera sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu - Mammillaria ali ndi mizu yochepa. Kuti chinyezi chisasunthike m'nthaka komanso kuti chisawononge mizu ya mbewuyo, dambo lizikhala pansi pamphika. Pachifukwa ichi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dongo kapena njerwa zosweka. Kunyumba, kufalikira kumafuna chisamaliro chapadera cha mammillaria mkati mwa sabata, chifukwa chomera chimayenera kukhala chokonzekera chochitika chodetsa nkhawa chotere. Ndikwabwino kuyiyika pamalo amdima ndikuchepetsa kwathunthu kuthirira ndi kupopera.
Mammillaria cactus amatha kudwala mosasamala, ndipo nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuthirira kapena kutentha. Madzi osakanikirana ndi kutentha kochepa kwa mpweya ndizowopsa kwa mbewu.
Mitundu ya ubweya imatsutsidwa mwamphamvu ndi nkhupakupa yofiira, nematode mizu, etc. Popewa kuwoneka ngati tizilombo, njira yofooka (0,15%) ya Actellica imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kubalana kwa mammillaria ndi ana ndi mbewu
Kufalikira kwa mbewu kumachitika motsatira njira za ana (ana) ndi mbewu. Kubwezeretsanso mbewu ya mammillaria ndi ana ndichinthu chophweka, popeza pali njira zambiri zamtsogolo, ndipo zimazika mizu mwachangu. Kuti muchite izi, dulani mphukira ndikusiya sabata limodzi malo owuma. Pambuyo pake njirayi imabzalidwa mumchenga ndikuthilira. Chomera chatsopanochi chimafunikira kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, osachilola kuti chiziime. Kudziwitsidwa ndi dzuwa lotentha kumapangidwanso. Kutentha kumayenera kukhalabe mkati mwa 25 degrees.
Olima ena amatemera katemera. Pa chitsa ntchito trichoceres. Koma osagwiritsa ntchito zokupitsa zokukulira, kuphatikiza kumtengowo kapena kumezanitsa kawirikawiri sikungatheke.
Pofalitsa cactus mothandizidwa ndi njere, ndikofunikira kuti tiwakhazikitse kwa tsiku limodzi mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate. Zitatha izi, muyenera kufesa mumchenga wonyowa. Kenako chimbacho chimakutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira ndikusiyidwa pamalo otentha. Minga yoyamba ikawonekera pa mbande, chikhacho chiyenera kuyikidwa mumiphika yosiyanasiyana.
