Timabzala anyezi

Ngakhale munda wanuwo ndi wokulirapo kapena wocheperako, nthawi zonse umakhala wokongoletsedwa bwino: maluwa okongola, malo osakanikirana pang'ono kapena mabedi ang'onoang'ono. Maluwa amasintha imvi tsiku ndi tsiku kukhala tchuthi, ndipo kununkhira ndi mitundu yowala kudzapangitsa kukhala ndi chisangalalo chapadera ndikuwonetsa kuti moyo unali wopambana.

Colchicum

Colchicum imakula m'malo ambiri: ku Central Europe, Mediterranean, Central Asia, Turkey, Crimea ndi Caucasus. Pafupifupi mitundu 40 ya colchicum yapezeka mwachilengedwe. Pachikhalidwe, maluwa okongola kwambiri a colchicum okhala ndi maluwa a pinki-lilac amapezeka nthawi zambiri - chiwerengero chawo chimachokera ku chimodzi mpaka zitatu, ndipo kutalika kwake mpaka masentimita 5 mpaka 15. Autumn colchicum imadziwikanso ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi masamba kuposa mitundu yapita.

Onse a colchicum ali ndi mawonekedwe oyera a Alba, omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi machitidwe ake okongoletsera apamwamba. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa akulu awiri.

Colchicum. © Lotus Johnson

Dera la Bornmüller colchicum ndilabwino - lili ndi maluwa okhala ndi penti wofiirira, kuyambira 1 mpaka 4, limamasula mu theka lachiwiri la Seputembala mpaka chisanu. Colchicum ya Byzantine imaberekanso Asia Asia; maluwawo ndi akulu, pinki wowala komanso ambiri (mpaka zidutswa 15).

Udindo waukulu pakupanga mgwirizano wamaluwa m'mundawo umaseweredwa ndi zomera zochulukitsa. Ali ndi zabwino zambiri: osasamalidwa pang'ono, maluwa awo amakongoletsa mundawo nthawi yonse ya chilimwe. Mitundu yambiri ndi "khadi loyitanitsa" la nyengo inayake.

Mwachitsanzo, patatha nyengo yozizira yayitali, maluwa a chipale chofewa (Galanthus) amawoneka - chizindikiro cha kasupe koyambirira komanso kutentha koyamba. Imatsatiridwa ndi dimba la maluwa (Leucojum), chionodoxes (Chionodoxa), ng'ona (Crocus), daffodils (Narcissus) ndi tulips woyamba (Tulipa). Mu Epulo - Meyi, mzere wa Muscari ndi hazel grouse wokongola (Fritillaria) ndi woyenera: ndi oyimba harbinger a chilimwe. Mauta okongoletsa (Allium) amatulutsa kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi.

Ngwazi ndi chipale chofewa. © 3268zauber

M'nyengo yotentha, maluwa a Kamassia (Camassia) amatulutsa maluwa, alimi a nkhuku onenepa (Ornithogalum) amatulutsa maluwa modabwitsa komanso maluwa onunkhira a maluwa okongola (Lilium). Ndipo kugwa kwa colchicum ndi kukongola kokongola (Crocus speciosus) kuwulula maluwa awo osakhwima.

Izi zosiyanasiyana zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha mababu a dimba lanu lamaluwa kuti muwasirire kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Zomera zambiri za gululi ndizosavomerezeka, ndipo zimapeza malo ngakhale ku kindergarten yaying'ono. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kudzala anyezi wotsika m'malire a mitengo yopindika, pomwe imadzaza zojambulazo zisanakhazikike ndi kutulutsa maluwa oyandikana nawo, ndipo iwonso amaphimba masamba awo akumwalira m'chilimwe. Pakati pa perennials zapamwamba mumatha kupeza malo a tulips, camassia, "minarets" wofowoka wa nkhuku komanso anyezi wokongoletsera. M'malo okhala pansi pamitengo ndi zitsamba, mutha kupanga zojambulira zamaluwa zokhwimitsa zinthu komanso zovuta kulimeza. Scilla ndi osasinthika chifukwa chake - ali ngati nyenyezi zamtambo, zoyera kapena zamtambo zowala pa udzu. Amagwirizana ndi zoyera, buluu ndi pinki hionodoxes, maluwa oyera oyera masika ndipo, chowoneka bwino kwambiri cha maluwa onse - colchicum autumnale (Colchicum autumnale).

Kamasia © Cliff

Pogona

Kumbukirani: mphamvu ya kapeti wamaluwa imatha kupezeka kokha pokhazikitsa mababu ambiri. Anyezi onse ang'onoang'ono ndi okongola pomwe alipo ambiri aiwo, ndipo payekhapayokha samatulutsa zomwe mukufuna. Pamalo ophulika ndi udzu, mapiri ama chipale chofewa ndi mamba akuwoneka bwino kwambiri, m'miyala ndi m'mapiri a Alpine, mitundu yopanda mauta okongoletsera imawoneka zachilengedwe. Mukabzala pa udzu, munthu ayenera kukumbukira kuti udzu sungathe kutchetemera mpaka masamba a mbewu zobzalidwa atafa (kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni).

Mutha kuyankhula za mbewu zabwino izi kwa nthawi yayitali, koma katundu wake ambiri ndikuti safuna chisamaliro chapadera, kudyetsa pafupipafupi, kutumizidwa pafupipafupi ndi pogona nyengo yachisanu. Komabe, malamulo ena osavuta azaulimi ayenera kudziwa. Makamaka chidwi chake chikuyenera kuperekedwa.

Ma Daffodils ndi Scylla (Scilla). © Robert Frost

Chiyambireni yophukira ndi nthawi yokha, monga Karel апapek adalembera m'buku la "Chaka Cha Sokulima," ndi nthawi "yokhazikika pansi chomwe kasupe ayenera kupezamo." Izi makamaka zimakhudza kubzala kwa zochulukitsa mbewu.

Malo okula

Mukamapanga mabedi amaluwa, mbewu zambirimbiri zimabzalidwe m'njira ziwiri zazikulu. Poyamba, ndiye "protagonist" wamkulu, ndi thandizo lawo mutha kupanga mawonekedwe okongola kapena osawoneka bwino. Maluwa atamasulidwa, maluwa onse amadzalidwa ndizomera pachaka.

Kachiwiri, iwo amabzala ndi mizere yopapatiza pakati pa perennials kapena zitsamba zotsika ndi mitengo. Chapakatikati amadzaza maluwa ndi maluwa awo osalimba. Pambuyo maluwa, masamba ake achikaso amabisala pakati pa mbewu zina.

Mlimi wa nkhuku. © Ulf Eliasson

Kugula ndi kusunga

Nthawi yabwino kupeza mababu ndiku kuyambira kumapeto kwa Julayi mpaka Seputembala, babu ake akapuma. Posankha mababu, ndikofunikira kuwunika omwe ali. Iyenera kukhala yolimba komanso yolemetsa, yokhala ndi nembanemba, yopanda mizu ndi zimayambira. Ngati zimayambira ndi mizu itayamba kukula, ndiye kuti mbewu zotere ziyenera kubzalidwa mwachangu. Mababu ayenera kukhala athunthu: popanda kudula ndi kuwonongeka. Madontho amayeneranso kukhala osasunthika komanso osavunda. Ngakhale mababu okhala ndi pamwamba wosadulidwa, koma osawonongeka pansi ndi impso, amasungabe mphamvu yawo. Osagula okhawo opindika, opepuka, osweka mababu. Malo ofewa pansi kapena mbali ndizo chizindikiro choyamba chovunda. Bulb yowola ndiyosatheka kuchiritsa.

Mababu ogulidwa amasungidwa mpaka kubzala m'malo ozizira, koma osazizira, owongolera. Ngati mababu sanaphimbidwe ndi mamba owuma (chipale chofewa, duwa loyera, chikale, chionodox, pushkinia), ndibwino kuwasunga mumtundu wonyowa kapena utuchi m'matumba apulasitiki okhala ndi mabowo. Kuti mizu isawonekere isanakwane, gawo lapansi lomwe mababu amasungidwa siliyenera kuthimbitsidwa mopitirira. Mababu a hyacinths, tulips, daffodils, hazel grouse ndi mababu okongoletsera amabzala pamalo okonzedwa kale.

Muscari ndi tulips. © UpstateNYer

Kukonzekera koyamba

Kukula kwakukulu kwa zinthu zomwe mukubzala, kulimba kwake ndi kukulira. Mapaketi anyezi pafupifupi nthawi zonse amawonetsa kukula kwake. Posachedwa, zindikirani, ndichizolowezi chosonyeza kuzungulira, osati mainchesi, monga kale.

Pofuna kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana, mababu amayikidwa mu yankho la foundationazole kapena wothandizira wina aliyense kuti apange matenda a fungus. Ngati ndalama zotere sizili pafupi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya potaziyamu permanganate (5 g pa 10 malita a madzi) pokonzera mababu kwa mphindi 20-30.

Zachiyero.

Feteleza

M'dzinja, kompositi imodzi ndi yokwanira. Za feteleza zamankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mchaka chokha. Ma feteleza ovuta omwe amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa magalamu 15-30 pa mita imodzi aliwonse abwino. Zovalazi zapamwamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi, omwe ndi abwino. Koma muyenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti mababu onse amawopa feteleza wochuluka. Kuchokera pamchere wamchere wambiri, mizu imayamba kuvunda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewu zizifa. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuti muchepetsedwe kuposa wonenepa.

Nthawi yayitali

Mababu akutulutsa masika angabzalidwe mu Seputembala - koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Ndi nthawi yayitali komanso yotentha yophukira, ikamatera imaloledwa mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Novembala. Koma siziyenera kuchepetsedwa - ndikofunika kuchita ntchito iyi yonse chisanu chisanu.

Lilia Rosthorna. © Denis Barthel

Akaloni amayenera kuti adafika mu Ogasiti - koyambirira kwa Seputembala; simungathe kuwachotsa! Kenako, mkati mwa Seputembala, ayenera kukusangalatsani ndi maluwa awo osakhwima.

Nthaka yamtundu ndi ngalande

Mababu sakonda chinyezi chowonjezera. Nthaka yabwino kwa iwo ndi yolemerapo, koma yolowanso chinyezi. Dothi lamchenga limadutsa madzi bwino, koma kuti chonde chithandizidwe ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kompositi kapena dothi lomanga thupi. Ngati dothi ndilopakika kwambiri ndipo madzi akakhazikika mmalo mwake, mababu atha kuwola. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuthira ngalande zowonjezera 4-5 masentimita wandiweyani wa mchenga wowuma, miyala kapena miyala muza. Dothi lolemera limafunika kukumba bwino, ndikuwonjezera mchenga kapena kompositi.

Tikufika

Musanayambe kubzala mbewu zochulukitsa, muyenera kukumba dothi mosamala ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, onjezerani manyowa. Sizovomerezeka kulowa kompositi ndi manyowa atsopano! Izi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda ambiri oyamba ndi fungus mu mababu. Ikani anyezi wamkulu m'dzenje kuti likuloza pansi ndi pansi. Anyezi ang'onoang'ono akhoza kufesedwa.

White kakombo. © Beentree

Kuzama kwakuya

Ponena za kuya kwa kubzala, pali lamulo lomwe limavomerezedwa kale: babu liyenera kubzalidwa mozama katatu kutalika kwake. Kwa mababu akuluakulu, monga maluwa, tulips, grouse yachifumu, kuya kwa kubzala kumayambira 15 mpaka 20 cm, ndipo kwakukulu kwambiri - mpaka 25. Kwa mababu ang'onoang'ono, monga snowdrops, muscari, chionodoxes, cannons kapena crocuses, kuya ndi pafupifupi 5-10 cm.

Mtunda pakati pa mababu

Mababu akulu amafuna mtunda wautali kuposa ang'ono. Mababu akulu ayenera kubzalidwa patali pafupifupi 12 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, komanso ang'onoang'ono motalikirana ndi masentimita 5-7. Mtunda wapakatikati, kapena kuchuluka kwa mababu pa mita lalikulu, zimatengera mphamvu yomwe mukufuna kukwaniritsa. Pazithunzi zachilengedwe "zokhala ngati kuti mwabisala", zibzalani maberezi osiyanasiyana patali. Mababu angapo angabzalidwe pang'ono kutali ndi ena onse. Ngati mukufuna maluwa ogwiritsa ntchito monolithic, dzalani mabalawo mtunda womwewo. Kuchuluka kwa mababu pa mita lalikulu kutengera ndi kukula kwawo ndipo kuyambira magawo 50 a tulips ndi daffodils ndi mpaka 400 mbewu "anyezi yaying'ono".

Madzi ndi chisanu

Ngati nthawi yobzala pali nyengo yotentha, youma, ndiye kuti mababu obzalidwa ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimathandizira kukula kwa mizu ndipo mbewu zimayamba bwino nthawi yozizira. Ndikofunika kubisa mbewu zatsopano zilizonse m'dzinja mchaka chodzala nthawi yozizira ndi masamba atagwa kapena peat moss. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita izi ngati ikamatera yachedwa kwambiri kapena ngati kukutentha kwambiri chisanu. Muzaka zotsatila, pogona sifunikira kuchitika, koma peat moss ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chilichonse ngati mulching wosanjikiza.

Thirani

Mababu obzalidwa m'nthaka amatha kukhala malo amodzi kwa zaka zingapo. Kuika ndikofunikira ngati zisa za babu zopangidwa kwa zaka zambiri zakula kwambiri ndikusokoneza mzake. Potere, gawo la zakudya limakhala losakwanira ndipo maluwa amakhala ochepa. Mwachilengedwe, pofalitsa mbewu mwachangu, izi zimafunikira mchaka cha 3-4 (crocus, bluebill, chionodox, muscari), pomwe ndizomera zomwe zimapanga pang'onopang'ono (hazel grouse, kandyk) - mchaka cha 6-8. Mukaziika, mbewu zimakumbidwa panthaka pokhapokha mbali yakumalirayo ikafa. Mababu amayeretsedwa ndi mamba akale ndi mizu ndikuyiyika mu chipinda chimodzi chouma, chotseguka.

Kusokonezeka

Tsopano alimi ambiri okangalika, kuti asaphonye mbewu m'nyengo yozizira, amatha kuwapangitsa kuti azikhala pachimake. Kuti tichite izi, mu kugwa, mababu akulu osankhidwa makamaka amabzalidwa mumtsuko (miphika, mabokosi, maluwa amaluwa). Kubzala mababu ndikophweka. Muyenera kusankha poto yaying'ono kapena bokosi lomwe lili ndi dzenje pansi. Mabowo ayenera okutidwa ndi ma shoti angapo ndikuyika dongo lokwezedwa kuti zitsimikizike kuti madzi ambiri akutuluka. Zitatha izi, dzazani pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndi dothi. Dothi likhoza kukhala losiyana - tsamba kapena kompositi. Gwiritsani ntchito dothi lambiri m'munda kubzala mababu mwakuya komwe amafunikira. Maluwa a bulb omwe ali mumbale amatha kubzalidwa nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe adafotokozera kale. Komabe, chisamaliro chikuyenera kuthandizidwa kuti asakhudze makoma a chidebe kapena wina ndi mnzake. Zomera zobzala zimasungidwa koyamba pa kutentha kwa 20-25 ° C, ndipo pambuyo pa Okutobala 1 - pa kutentha kwa 17 ° C. Nthawi yozizira ndi masabata asanu pa kutentha kwa 9 ° C, kenako masabata 11-12 ku 5 ° C (mwanjira zina, kutsika mpaka 1-2 ° C kumachitika). Musanabzale, zinthuzo ndizophera tizirombo. Mababu abzalidwe mumakonzedwe okonzekereratu kuchokera kumapeto kwa Seputembala mpaka Novembala mpaka kuya ngati m'mundamo - awiri kapena atatu ma bulb. Mutabzala, dothi limathiridwa bwino, koma nkukhalanso m'malo otentha, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Chifukwa chakufupika kwakanthawi, kuvala pamwamba sikofunikira. Maluwa amapezeka pafupifupi masabata 3-4 kutentha kutakwera mpaka 12-15 ° C.

Zovuta

Zomera zokhala ndi mabuluu ndi amodzi mwa maluwa ochulukirapo padziko lonse lapansi. Ambiri aiwo amakongoletsa minda yathu, ngakhale iwo eni amachokera m'malo osiyanasiyana ndi nyengo yabwino. Chifukwa chake, pakati pawo pali "whims" ndi "sisisi." Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa mitundu yambiri ya hazel grouse (Fritillaria). Titha kunena kuti zomerazi ndi zabwino, koma ndizoyenera kwa alimi okongola.

Zabwino m'mundamo ndi maluwa akumbuyo. Kukongola kwawo kwapadera komanso kununkhira kodabwitsa kudzakopa chidwi cha onse oyandikana nawo. Koma, mwatsoka, amakhalanso bwino pa alimi odziwa bwino kwambiri komanso oleza mtima. Ngati mukukula maluwa am'miyendo yachikhalidwe chosatha (chomera pansi osakumba zaka 3-4), nthawi iliyonse yophukira muyenera kuphimba ndi filimu yozizira komanso yamvula yambiri. Ndipo nthawi yachisanu mumafunikira pobisalira (nthawi yabwino - zinyalala).

Ambiri a mababu amapereka kudzilimbitsa. Zimasangalatsa wina, koma nthawi zina kufalitsa mbewu mosasamala komanso mosokoneza bwino kumatha kusokoneza dongosolo lokhazikika la dimba. Kuti izi zisachitike, muyenera kuchotsa maluwa osachedwa kuchoka, ndikusiya masamba ambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, sikuti kuchuluka kwa mababu kumawongoleredwa kokha, komanso kudziwikanso kwakukulu kwa michere yamaluwa amtsogolo.

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