Chingwe chofiirira nthawi zonse pavonia (Pavonia) ndizogwirizana ndi banja la Malvaceae (Malvaceae). Dziko lakwawo ndi madera otentha a America, Asia, Africa ndi Australia, komanso zilumba zomwe zili m'nyanja ya Pacific.
Chomera chimatha kupezeka muzokolola za alimi a maluwa osati nthawi zambiri. Ndipo izi ndichifukwa choti kufalitsa vutoli ndizovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kudula mizu kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Kwa izi, nyengo zobiriwira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe kutentha kumakhalabe pamadigiri 30-35. Phytohormones imafunikiranso. Kubala kochulukirapo kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chakuti tsinde la maluwa, monga lamulo, limangokulira imodzi, ndipo yokhazikitsidwa ndi yotsalira ndiyosowa kwambiri, ngakhale podulira.
Zomwe zimayambira zitsamba zobiriwira nthawi zonse zimakhala zopanda kanthu kapena zophukira. Monga lamulo, mbale zamasamba ndizokhazikika, koma zobed zimapezekanso. Maluwa amakula pamwamba pa zimayambira.
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa pavonia
Kupepuka
Pavonia amafunika kuyatsa kowala, komwe kuyenera kusokonezedwa. Mithunzi imafunikira kuchokera ku dzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, imafunikiranso kuyatsa kwabwino, chifukwa chake akatswiri amalangiza kuti mbewuyo iwunikidwe nthawi imeneyi.
Mitundu yotentha
Pakatentha ndi nthawi yotentha, mbewu yotere imafunikira kutentha pamadigiri 18-22. Ndi nthawi yophukira, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mpaka madigiri 16-18. M'nyengo yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kusinthira duwa kukhala litayatsidwa bwino komanso mozizira (osachepera madigiri 15). Tetezani ku zolemba.
Chinyezi
Chinyezi chachikulu chimafunika. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, muyenera kupukutira masamba nthawi zonse kuchokera ku sprayer, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa kutentha kwa chipinda, mukuyesera kuti maluwa asawonekere pamaluwa. Tenga chiwaya chokulirapo ndikuchiyala ndi sphagnum kapena dongo lokulitsa, kenako kuthira madzi pang'ono. Poterepa, onetsetsani kuti pansi pazotengera sikumakumana ndi madzi.
Momwe mungamwere
Kuthirira mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe kuyenera kukhala zochulukirapo pokhapokha pamwamba pazoyala zapansi pamtunda. Mu nthawi yophukira, kuthirira kumayenera kukhala kocheperako, motero njirayi imachitika patadutsa masiku atatu pambuyo poti dothi lifota. Onetsetsani kuti dongo silimaphwa, komanso madziwo sayenera kuzimiririka. Maluwa atathiriridwa, dikirani mphindi 10 mpaka 20 ndikutsanulira madzi poto. Madzi abwino ndi madzi ofewa, omwe ayenera kukhala otentha kwambiri.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe 1 nthawi masabata awiri. Wopanga feteleza wazomera wopanga maluwa ndi bwino izi.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Kuika kumachitika mchaka ndipo pokhapokha ngati pakufunika, mwachitsanzo, pomwe mizu itasiya kulowa mumphika. Nthaka yoyenera iyenera kudzazidwa ndi michere, kuwala, ndi pH yake 6. Kuti mukonzekere kusakaniza kwa nthaka muyenera kuphatikiza pepala, sod ndi humus nthaka ndi mchenga, womwe uyenera kutengedwa mogwirizana ndi 3: 4: 1: 1. Musaiwale kupanga zabwino zotungira pansi pa tank.
Njira zolerera
Mutha kufalitsa ndi mbewu ndi kudula.
Amadula apical amadulidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndikuyikidwa kuti azike mizu mini-wowonjezera kutentha, momwe kutentha kwakukulu kumakhalabe (kuchokera 30 mpaka 35 degrees). Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma phytohormones. Mizu yazitali ndi yayitali komanso yovuta.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Mphukira, nthata za akangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi ma buluu zikhazikika pamtengowo.
Kuthirira kwambiri komanso kuzizira zomwe zingayambitse matenda.
Ngati pali calcium ndi chlorine wambiri m'madzi, ndiye kuti chlorosis imayamba.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Monga lamulo, zovuta pakukula kwa pevonia zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera:
- kugwa kwa masamba osatsimikizika -kuthirira kwambiri, kuzizira kwambiri kapena kuyenera kudyetsedwa;
- maluwa sikuchitika - nyengo yachisanu imakhala yotentha, pali nayitrogeni wambiri m'nthaka, kuyatsa kosakwanira, kuthirira kosakwanira panthawi yolimba;
- Drooping, masamba otayika a turgor - kuthirira osauka.
Mitundu yayikulu
Pavonia multiflora (Pavonia multiflora)
Chitsamba chobiriwirachi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chopanga. Masamba ake ndi lanceolate-ovate, pomwe m'mphepete mwamphamvu kwambiri. Kutalika kwawo kumasiyana kuchokera pa 15 mpaka 20 sentimita, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi wofanana ndi mainchesi 5, kumbuyo kwake ndikwakukwawa. Maluwa a axillary ali ndi timiyala tokhala ngati bango, timene timakhala ndi mizere iwiri, pomwe amkati amatalika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi ofiira achikunja ofiira. Malo apakati pa corolla yotsekedwa ndi utoto wofiirira, ndipo kunja kwake ndi kofiirira. Palinso mabatani ofiira okwanira.
Phale-woboola pakati wa Pavonia (Pavonia hasata)
Ndi chitsamba chowoneka bwino nthawi zonse. Masamba ake obiriwira obiriwira amakhala ndi maziko opingasa, komanso m'mphepete mwa seva. Kutalika, amatha kufikira masentimita 5-6. Nthawi zambiri, maluwa oyera amapezeka, koma nthawi zina pinki, yokhala ndi burgundy wowala kapena malo ofiira. Pakatikati pa maluwa ndi mainchesi 5.
