Cineraria nyanja yamchere kapena siliva (Cineraria maritima) ndichikhalidwe chobiriwira chobiriwira chokhala ndi masamba chokhala ndi masamba osazolowereka komanso mawonekedwe, omwe amapereka mawonekedwe otseguka komanso ulemu kwa mbewu yonse yonse. Cineraria ndi a banja la a Astrov ndipo imagawidwa m'malo amiyala mdziko la Africa, komanso ku Mediterranean ndi pachilumba cha Madagascar.
Zowoneka bwino za tchire zimaphukira kwambiri ndi masamba olimba, omwe nthawi zina amakhala olimba, masamba owoneka bwino, okhala ndi masamba obiriwira a siliva, inflorescence - madengu achikasu chamaluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi zipatso - achenes. Kutalika kwa mbewu wamba ndi masentimita 40-50. Nthawi yamaluwa otulutsa cineraria imayamba kuyambira chaka chachiwiri cha moyo ndipo imayamba kuyambira chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembara. Tchire itha kubzalidwa ngati chomera cha pachaka kapena chomera chamkati.
Chisamaliro cha cineraria cha panyanja
Nyanja cineraria imawonedwa kuti ndi yosasamala kwambiri, koma kukulira, ndibwino kuti muwone zinthu zingapo za kukula kwathunthu ndi chitukuko, komanso kusunga kukongoletsa kwambiri.
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Chikhalidwe chimadzimva bwino kwambiri padzuwa komanso pamthunzi. Koma pamaso pa kuwala kowala ndi malo otseguka, kukongoletsa kwake kumawonekera mwamphamvu. Indoor cineraria tikulimbikitsidwa kuti idalidwe pawindo loyang'ana kum'mwera. Apa chomera chimalandira kuwala kokwanira momwe kungakhalire dzuwa kunyumba.
Kapangidwe ka dothi
Zomwe nthaka zimapangidwa pachomera zilibe kanthu. Alimi okhwima amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito dothi losakanikirana ndi nthaka yophatikizidwa. Koma chomwe chikuyenera kuwona ndi kupezeka kwa chosanjikiza chokwanira cha madzi ndi mpweya wabwino komanso kupatsika kwa madzi kwa gawo lapansi.
Kutentha
Mpweya wowuma wamkati komanso kutentha kwambiri kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zamkati m'nyumba. Zoyenera kwambiri nyengo yotentha ndi madigiri 15-20 Celsius, nthawi yozizira kwambiri - kuyambira madigiri 4 mpaka 6. Chomera sichitha kukhala kutentha kochepa. Ndikotheka kuchokera ku Okutobala mpaka Marichi kusamutsa chitsamba kuchipinda chozizira popanda zowonetsa (mwachitsanzo, cellar, basement kapena loggia).
Kuthirira
Nyanja cineraria monga mmera wamaluwa imatha kuchita popanda kuthirira kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa ili ndi mizu yakuya, yomwe imathanso kutulutsa madzi m'nthaka mozama kwambiri. Indoor cineraria silingakwanitse izi, kotero kuthirira kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi. Kuperewera ndi chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka zimakhudzanso chomera. Madzi ochulukirapo omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi amatha kupangitsa kuti muthe kuzungunuka.
Ntchito feteleza
Zakudya zodyetsera siliva cineraria tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi ndi masiku 15-20. Zoyenera kwambiri ndi feteleza wama mchere osachepera okhala ndi nayitrogeni. Feteleza wogwira bwino kwambiri ndi AVA ndi Kristallon.
Thirani
Kupatsirana kumachitika ngati kuli kofunikira, pamene muzu udadzala m'maluwa. Mukakoka mphukira yozizira chifukwa chosowa kuwala, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kudula. Kuyambira mphukira zazitali, zodula zotalika 10 cm zimadulidwa, kuzika mizu ndikuzibzala mumiphika yosiyana masika.
Njira zolerera
Pakuwonjezerekanso ma cineraria m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena siliva, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zodula ndi mbewu. Mbewu zofesedwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndipo mbande zimabzalidwa pamalo otseguka m'masiku otsiriza a Meyi.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Matenda otheka ndi dzimbiri. Zikuwoneka ngati kutentha kwa chipindacho m'chipindacho kuli kokwanira komanso chinyezi chambiri. Ndikovuta kwambiri kupulumutsa mbewu.
Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi nthata za akangaude ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Njira zosavuta za wowerengeka sizingabweretse zotsatira zomwe zimafunidwa chifukwa cha mphamvu yamasamba ndi masamba. Kukonzekera kwapadera kwapadera kotetezera tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi maluwa omwe atipulumutse.
