Masewera a Ehmea - therere osatha ochokera ku banja la Bromilia. Mwachilengedwe, limakhala m'nkhalango zotentha, zomwe zili m'mabowo a mitengo. Nthambi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thandizo, zimadya humus, zomwe zimasonkhana mu vase. Echmea amapezeka ngati epiphyte komanso ngati chomera. Kwawo ndi ku Brazil ndi Mexico.
Chikhalidwe cha mbewuyo ndi chidutswa chofinya kwambiri. Masamba obala chachikasu ali moyang'anizana, amakula mokhazikika, ndikupanga fundeni, lomwe mwachilengedwe limapeza madzi amvula. Pansi pamasamba, okongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yasiliva, ma spikes amapezeka. Pamtunda wobiriwira pamakhala mabulangete asiliva. Pazaka zisanu, mutu wamaluwa wowoneka ngati utoto wokhala ndi mabulangeti owala a pinki owoneka bwino. Pakati pawo mutha kuwona maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtundu wofewa wamtambo.
Ehmeya ndi chomera chapadziko lapansi, chifukwa chimakhala ndi mizu yopanda maziko. Mizu imamuthandizira kuti azitha kuyenda, osati omwe ali m'gulu la zakudya. Zomera zimadya masamba, zomwe zimasonkhanitsa chinyezi ndi mchere. Amakakamizidwa kuti azikhomera mu khola lamadzi kuti asagwiritse mame ndi madzi amvula.
Ambiri olima maluwa osadziwa zambiri amathira madzi mu chimbudzi, kuyesera kukulitsa kubweretsa mikhalidwe yachipinda kuti ikhale yachilengedwe. Ichi ndi cholakwika chachikulu chomwe ehmeya sangakhululukire. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi yophukira-yozizira, imatha kufa. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumayambitsa kuola kwa mizu. Ngati nyengo sinasinthe pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yophukira, zonse zimachitika mosiyana ndi ife. Masana masana akuchepa, kutentha kwa mpweya kumatsika kwambiri, kotero chomera chotentha chimagwera mu hibernation. Ndi isanayambike nyengo yozizira siyani kuthilira malo ogulitsira (kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Meyi). M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, mbewuyi imamwetsedwa masabata onse ndi theka. Ngati kutentha kwa chipinda kuli pamwamba pa 20 ° C, ehmey imatsanulidwa nthawi zonse.
Monga lamulo, pambuyo pakupanga maluwa, wachikulire wa esmea amamwalira. Sizingatheke kuti mupulumutsire mtengowo, chifukwa chake muyenera kusamalira bwino. Amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera cha mayi, chophatikizidwa ndi makala, owuma pang'ono ndikuyikidwa m'dothi lopepuka kapena chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi peat. Mapazi opatukana amamangidwa m'mashelufu. Ayenera kukhala owongoka. Mphukira imazika bwino pa kutentha pamwamba pa 20 ° C. Amathanso kuthandizidwa ndikupanga mankhwala apadera. Gawo loumbayo liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Zomera zing'onozing'ono mutabzala zizikhala pamalo otentha, otetezedwa. Masiku angapo pambuyo pake amakankhidwanso m'kuwala, kutetezedwa ndi dzuwa. Ndikofunika kuphimba njirazo ndi thumba la pulasitiki lowonekera, ndikupanga malo obiriwira. Ha ehmeya ikazika mizu, amayamba kuisamalira ngati chomera chachikulire. Kuthirira malo ogulitsira kumayambira pomwe mainchesi ake afikira masentimita asanu. Mphukira zazing'ono sizingazike m'madzi, zifa.
Samalirani echmea kunyumba
Kutentha
Ehmeya ndi wa zomera za thermophilic. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwenikweni kwake ndi 20-25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imakhala yabwino pa 18-20 ° C. Thermometer siyenera kugwa pansi pa 16 ° C. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo idzafa.
Kuwala
Chomera chimakonda malo abwino. Ehmey ndi yoyenera bwino kuposa kuwala kowala, kosakanikirana. Koma m'mawa ndi madzulo ziyenera kuwululidwa padzuwa kuti zilowererepo molunjika. Shala mbewu zokhala ndi masamba olimba masana. Kuchokera pakukuta, masamba a eshemia amatha. M'nyengo yozizira, kutacha masana, mbewu imayatsidwa ndi nyali za fluorescent.
Kuthirira
M'nyengo yotentha, ehmeya amafunika madzi okwanira ambiri. Nthaka yomwe ili mumphika siyenera kupukuta. Munthawi ya kasupe-nthawi yachilimwe, ndikofunikira kuthirira chakudya. Pakathirira madzi othirira okha. Pakadutsa, madziwo sayenera kumachitika pafupipafupi. Mwezi uliwonse uyenera kutsanulidwa ndikutsuka bwino bwino. Zoyerekeza zachikulire zokha ndizomwe zimathiridwa malo ogulitsira. Ndikosatheka kuthirira njira zing'onozing'ono zomwe sizinapatsidwe pakati pa chomera cha mayi kuti zitheke. Panthawi ya kukula kwambiri, madzi omwe amatulutsa amatha m'malo mwa feteleza wa madzi.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Chomera cham'malo otentha chimafunikira chovala pamwamba nthawi zonse mchaka ndi chilimwe. Ma feteleza apadera a bromeliads ndi oyenera. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wama orchid. Feteleza wa maluwa ogwiritsira ntchito maluwa ozungulira. Kudyetsa ehmeya kumakhala kupopera masamba a chomera ndi feteleza wothira. Imachitika milungu iwiri iliyonse. M'nyengo yozizira, feteleza amawonjezedwa m'nthaka, ndikuwuphatikiza kawiri monga momwe awasonyezera malangizo.
Chinyezi
Mwachilengedwe, ma bromeliad amakula m'malo otentha amvula, chifukwa chake amayenera kusungidwa munyansi kwambiri. Zomera zimapopera madzi nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda, ofunda.
Thirani
Ehmei safuna kusinthana pafupipafupi. Amayikika pomwe mizu yake imadzaza mphika. Kamodzi zaka zitatu zilizonse zidzakhala zokwanira. Ngati dothi lapansi latha, limasinthidwa nthawi zambiri. Ndikwabwino kufalitsa mbewuyo mchaka, ndikusankha mphika wosalala, koma wosaya. Iyenera kukhala yolimba kuti mbewuyo isangodutsa.
Dothi
Simungagwiritse nthaka yachilengedwe pothira ehmei. Kusakaniza kwapadera kwa dothi la orchid kapena ma bromeliad ndikofunikira kwa iye. Mutha kukonzanso gawo lapansi mwamtundu nokha, kuphatikiza makungwa a pine, mchenga, humus, sphagnum moss (molingana).
Kuswana
Nthawi zambiri, ma bromeliad amafalidwa mwamafuta pogwiritsa ntchito kudula. Njira zake zimapangidwa mtengawo utazirala. Zidula mizu mu gawo lapansi. Ehmey akhoza kumera ndi mbewu. Koma pankhaniyi, pachimake patatha chaka ndi theka kuposa chomera chomera mothandizidwa ndi mphukira.
Ngati njira za mbewuzo sizichotsedwa, mbewu yakale imamwalira pakapita nthawi, ndipo chitsamba cha ana ochulukirapo chidzakhazikika. Zomera zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri.
Matenda ndi zovuta
Chifukwa cha chisamaliro cholakwika, echmea imayamba kupweteka ndikuwonongeka. Ngati chomera chikuyamba kuvunda, ndikofunikira kuyambiranso kuthirira komanso kutentha m'chipindacho. Pakachitika vutoli, duwa limapangidwanso m'malo otentha komanso osangalatsa. Madzi amathiridwa kuchokera kuchotsera ndipo samatsanulira mpaka chomera chimabwezeretsedwa.
Masamba odulidwa amawonetsa kuti mbewuyo ndi yotentha kwambiri. Iyenera kuthiriridwa, kuthira madzi pachidacho.
Nthawi zambiri, masamba amapunduka chifukwa cha nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe zimawakakamira. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsa ntchito kuthana ndi vutoli.
Musakhumudwe ngati masamba a echmea atakwinyika ndikugwa mutamasulidwa. Izi ndi zochitika zachilengedwe. Sungani wakale ehmeyu sipambana. Mutha kupeza zochitika zatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito njira.
Ngati inflorescence ya ehmei atatembenuka pinki, chomera ayenera kuchotsedwa m'chipinda chozizira.
Zowola za ehmei zimadwala chifukwa chothirira kwambiri. Chomera chodwala, masamba amasanduka achikasu ndikugwa.
Zilombo zazikulu za echmea ndi nkhanu, nthata zofiira za mbewa, mealy ndi nsikidzi.
