Kufotokozera - Chomera chosavuta kuwerengetsa ngati mbewu zakale zamkati. Velvet imachoka ndi mitsempha yotchuka, zitsamba zina zoterera kuchokera ku mphukira zokwawa ndipo zimawoneka zosakondweretsa. Koma pokhapokha ngati simukuganizira za kukongola uku. Kupatula apo, mawonekedwe apadera a masamba, ndi malo okongola ngati tawuniyi, komanso mitundu yodabwitsa ya mitsempha imatha kuwonedwa kosatha. Ndipo pak maluwa, malongosoledwe amasintha kwathunthu, kubisala pofalitsa maluwa owala. Tsoka ilo, mtengowu sujambulidwa kwambiri m'mabuku ndi m'masitolo. Koma malongosoledwe akhoza kudzitamandira ndi chisamaliro chopanda chidwi.
Episcia mkuwa kapena Episcia Cupreata.
Kukongola kokongola kwa wachibale wosakhazikika wa Kolumna ndi Achimenes
Mafotokozedwe, omwe ndi oyimira okongola kwambiri a banja la a Gesneriev, amawerengedwa kuti ndi chikhalidwe chopambana. Zowona, mtengowu umapezeka wogulitsa zonse mumiyala yamaluwa ndi m'miphika wamba: mphukira zake ndizitali, koma osati zochuluka kotero kuti sizingatheke kukulitsa tsamba pazenera. M'matanki akuluakulu, malongosoledwe amapanga tchire lodabwitsa, ngati kumwaza mbewu kumbali ndikuwoneka kokongola pakudya, patebulo la khitchini kapena sill yotsekera, ndikugwira gawo lozungulira potoyo. Mwachilengedwe, kukongola uku ndi udzu wobiriwira wamuyaya, ndipo zochitika za "zakutchire" zam'mbuyomu zimamveka mu chikhalidwe chazipinda.
Ngakhale kuti malembawo amakula osati mu ma ampel kapena mabasiketi opachika, izi sizimamera konse monga mawonekedwe chitsamba. Zomera zazing'ono zimangokhala zowongoka, koma tchire zimagona, ndikufalitsa masamba ophukira ndi mwana wamkazi wamkazi m'njira zonse. Mphukira za malongosoledwezo ndizokwawa kapena kuzimiririka, zodukaduka komanso zolimba, kutalika kuchokera pa 30 mpaka 50. Mpweya wotumphukirawo ndiwotupa, wokwawa, wakuda, wokhala ndi mphukira yamkati mobisa, ndipo nthawi zina umakhala ndi tinyanga yapansi panthaka.
Masamba amakhala amodzi kapena osiyana, ozungulira, mulifupi mokwanira, okhala ndi m'mphepete kwambiri. Zithunzi zapamwamba ndizomwe zimawoneka ngati nsalu, zokongoletsera, ndipo mitunduyo ndizosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wobiriwira umatha kukhala wakuda ndi utoto wamtundu kapena siliva, komanso wobiriwira bwino, komanso wonyezimira, wofiirira, wamkuwa, wamkuwa, wobiriwira pang'ono, wofiirira. Wonyezimira kapena matte, wokhala ndi mitsempha yopepuka, yomwe mawonekedwe amtundu wa masamba amawoneka bwino, masamba amtunduwu amawoneka bwino kwambiri, koma achikale.
Mafotokozedwewa ndi amtundu wa clove.
Kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala, tsamba lokondweretsa lomwe limasinthasintha. Maluwa ang'ono, koma odabwitsa kwambiri a tubular okhala ndi pharynx yowala kwambiri osawoneka bwino pamalowo ndi nyenyezi zowala. Zidutswa zazifupi, mawonekedwe a maluwawo ndi otupa. Zolemba zamakedzana ndizopaka utoto wofiira, koma lero mutha kupeza zogulitsa ndi kufotokozera ndi maluwa a lalanje, ndi zolemba zoyambirira ndi mitundu yoyera, yabuluu komanso yapinki.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yofotokozera
Pazikhalidwe zam'chipinda, mtundu umodzi wofotokozera umapezeka nthawi zambiri - "moto wa moto" Episode Copper, kapena ofiira amkuwa (episcia cupreata) Mphukira zake zokwawa zimazika mizu m'nthaka, masamba ake ndi owoneka ndi mtima, ozungulira, wamkulu, mpaka 15 cm. Mphepete mwaukali ndi utoto wamafuta zimapangitsa mbewuyo kuti isawoneke kocheperako kuposa maonekedwe achilendo amtundu wa kumtunda kwa mbale. Maluwa ofiira ofiira omwe amakhala ndi pharynx wachikaso amatha kufikira masentimita 2 okha, koma amakongoletsa kwambiri.
Malongosoledwewo ndi amkuwa.
Ndikungoyamba kukopa chidwi chamaluwa chamaluwa maluwa (episcia dianthiflora) Ali ndi mitundu iwiri ya mphukira - yayitali, yokhala ngati ndevu, yonyamula ma rosette a ana aakazi ndi kufupikitsa nthambi zamasamba zomwe zimapanga tchire. Masamba ofotokozawa amafika masentimita atatu okha, okhala ndi m'mphepete mwa tauni, mtundu wakuda, mzere wofiirira pakati komanso m'mphepete mwake. Maluwa ake ndi oyera ngati chipale chofewa, okhala ndi miyendo yoluka ndi timadontho tofiirira pakhosi. Chifukwa cha mtundu wowoneka bwino wamasamba ang'onoang'ono, umawoneka wokongola komanso wosangalatsa.
Carnation (Episcia dianthiflora).
Ngakhale zosowa kwambiri zimatha kupezeka zogulitsa zomwe zimangokhala mu ma ampel okha malongosoledwe okwawa (episcia reptans) wokhala ndi masamba okumbika aatali mpaka 10cm, wokhala ndi siliva wopindika, wobiriwira maolivi kapena wobiriwira, wokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima ndi mawanga. Mtunduwu uli ndi maluwa ofiira. Chochitika chokwawa chimawoneka ngati njira yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yophatikizira.
Zokwawa (Episcia reptans).
Koma lero, chidwi chachikulu sichikukhudzidwa osati kufotokozera, koma mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mafashoni ndi monga:
- malongosoledwe amtundu wobiriwira wamtundu wamitundu "Ember Lace";
- mitundu yapadera ya "Pink Brocade", momwe mchenga wa maolivi woyambira udasinthidwa kwathunthu ndi malire oyera "otambalala" okhala ndi madontho owala a pinki;
- anawona Cleopatra osiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira komanso malo opepuka a pinki, omwe nthawi zambiri amaphimba masamba ambiri;
- chokongoletsedwa ndi mawanga a pinki pamphepete mwa masamba ndi maluwa apinki amtundu wokhutira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Pinki Utsi"
- mitundu "Cantons De L'est" yokhala ndi masamba ofiira omwe amakhala ndi tint bronze;
- chokongoletsedwa ndimitsempha ya siliva yoyera yoyera, mitundu yaiwisi yobiriwira "Chokoleti cha Chocolate";
- utoto wapinki, wokhala ndi masamba okongola owala kupita pakati ndi mitsempha yoyera; kufotokozera kwa mitundu ya Flame Violet;
- Kulongosola modekha komanso kwapamwamba kwambiri "Pink Panther" ndi maluwa opepuka a pinki okhala ndi m'mphepete mwake;
- kuphatikiza kwa mitundu yoyera ndi yobiriwira yokhala ndi malire wofiira, malongosoledwe a "Moonlight Valley";
- mtundu wowoneka wowoneka bwino, wobiriwira wa Dziko Kitten wokhala ndi maluwa owala a lilac.
Kufotokozera kwa kalasi "Ember Lace".
Kufotokozera kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Pink Brocade".
Kufotokozera kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Pink Panther".
Zosamalidwa kunyumba
Kufotokozera ndi imodzi mwazikhalidwe zosowa m'nyumba zomwe sizifunikira kusintha nyengo m'nyengo yozizira. Kwa iwo, amangosintha pang'ono kuthirira ndi mavalidwe apamwamba. Zovuta pakukula kwa mbewu zimangophatikizidwa ndi chikondi chake chanyontho chambiri.
Kuyatsa apuroni
Ndi kusankha malo oyenera kufotokozerako, zonse sizapafupi. Chomera chotere sichikhala chokongola, nthawi zina chimataya masamba awo okhala ndi masamba pang'ono pang'ono komanso mumthunzi wabwino, komanso pakuwala. Koma ngakhale pakuwala pang'ono, mbewuyo imaphuka pang'ono pang'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, malongosoledwewo samavomereza kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji, samamva bwino pazowoneka bwino zakumwera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chosinthika, kuyatsa kofewa kumasankhidwa kwa chomera.
Pa chikhalidwe ichi, mawindo akum'mawa ndi akumadzulo okhala ndi zowunikira zowonongeka amakhala omasuka kwambiri.
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Mafotokozedwewa atha kuwerengedwa ngati zomera zamkati zomwe zimakonda kutentha. Kukongola uku sikukulekerera kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya m'munsi mwa 18 digiri, koma nthawi yomweyo sakonda kutentha. Mafotokozedwe omasuka kwambiri ali mkati mwa madigiri 20 mpaka 24 Celsius, pansi pazokhazikika chaka chonse. Kutentha kukakwera, kupitirira madigiri 25, ndiye kuti chomera muyenera kuthirira pafupipafupi ndikuwonjezera chinyezi.
Kufotokozera kumakonda mpweya wabwino, koma mawonekedwe a airing zipinda. Zojambula munthawi yotentha, kukongola kwapaderaku sikungawope, koma m'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, amatha kuvutika nawo motere kuchokera ku dzuwa komanso kuwonekera kwamadzi pamunsi.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Chinthu chachikulu pakukula kufotokozera ndikusunga chinyezi chofanana cha gawo lapansi. Chomera sichimalola kusayenda kwa madzi mu poto ndikuumitsa kwathunthu kwa gawo lapansi. Koma kusinthasintha kwa kuthilira ndikosavuta kusintha, kulola dothi losenthetsa 1-2 cm kuti lume mu thanki musanatsirire. Mu nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe, epithet imathiriridwa kawiri pa sabata. Madzi ochokera m'matumba amayenera kuthiridwa madzi mukangothirira. Kuthirira kwa dzinja kumachepetsedwa kutengera kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa kuyanika kwa gawo lapansi: dothi mumphika liyeneranso kuyanika kwa 1-2 cm. Mukatsirira, pendekerani pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, osathira madzi mwachindunji kuchokera kumizu kapena mphukira, komanso kuchepetsa masamba a kulowetsedwa. Yabwino Yoyenera mbewu iyi ndi njira yotsirira pang'ono.
Kufotokozera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana "La Soledad Bronze".
Samalani mtundu wamadzi: uyenera kukhala wofewa, wokhazikika, pamtunda womwewo ndi mpweya.
Chiwonetsero chimafunikanso kuti chinyezi cha mlengalenga chidziwike. Kukongola uku ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ukule mu malo owonetsera maluwa kapena malo obiriwira, koma ndizotheka kupereka malo abwino m'nyumba yosanja. Ndikokwanira kukhazikitsa zikopa zapadera za chomera - zonse za mafakitale ndi nyumba, momwe zimapangidwira ndi mapala onyowa, moss, dothi lokongoletsera, dongo lotukulidwa. Ndikosatheka kupopera ma epithets, ngati mbewu zina zopindika.
Mavalidwe ofotokozera
Ngakhale masamba akuluakulu komanso kuwala kowoneka bwino, tsamba loyambalo silikufunika kuvala kwambiri. Koma popeza amakonda nyengo zokhazikika, ndibwino kuti chomera chichititse kuvala yunifolomu ngakhale munthawi yochepa, kuchepetsa mawonekedwe a feteleza. Munthawi ya masamba, kuyambira mwezi wa Marichi mpaka Okutobala, mafotokozedwe amafotokozedwa theka la feteleza milungu iwiri iliyonse. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imadyetsedwa katatu muyezo wowonjezera 1 nthawi pamwezi.
Zokwanira feteleza wazomera zam'mimba ndizofunikira kufotokoza. Mtengowo umayankha bwino pakuvala kwapamwamba, koma osati nthawi yamaluwa.
Chipping
Kuti gawo lomwe likukula mwachangu lomwe limakonda "kuyendayenda" mbali zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kuchita mapangidwe. Popanda icho, mbewuyo imataya mosavuta, imawoneka yosasamalidwa. Kudulira kumachitika maluwa atamaliza, kufupikitsa masamba onse kuti apange zitsamba zobiriwira. Dulani zigawo za ana aakazi pazolinga zomwezi zimakhazikitsidwa mumphika womwewo momwe gawo la amayi limakulira.
Chomera chimayenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino: mphukira zokwawa za malongosoledwe zimakhazikika mu akasinja a mbewu zoyandikana.
Kufotokozera kwa kalasi ya "Matcha a Jim".
Thirani, muli ndi gawo lapansi
Ndikwabwino kufalitsa zing'onozing'ono zazing'ono ngati kuli kofunikira, pokhapokha ngati chomera chatha kumangodziwa bwino mphika wam'mbuyo ndikuphika. Ndikotheka kuchita ndikusintha osati m'magulu akale, mu February-Marichi, komanso nthawi yonse ya kasupe ndi June. Nkhani zake zikamakula mwachangu, nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse. Mukamachita izi, ngalande yayikulu imayenera kuyikidwa pansi. Pambuyo pochulukitsa, zofotokozedwazo zimasinthidwa kukhala zatsopano m'malo ochepa, kumawonjezera chinyezi, ndipo pokhapokha ngati masinthidwe athunthu azomera zimatha kubwereranso kumalo osatha.
Pazinthu zilizonse zosinthika, mainchesi achidebe amafunika kuwonjezera zochulukirapo masentimita angapo kwa mbewu zazing'ono, kuyimitsa pamiphika yayitali ndi mainchesi 18 mpaka 20. Zopendekera zazitali koma zotsika ndizoyenera kufotokoza.
Pofotokozera, ndikwabwino kusankha gawo lapansi pamtunda wamtambo wokhala ndi mchenga wocheperako komanso zopezeka ndi peat. Zomera izi, zosakaniza zamtundu wa nthaka ziyenera kukhala ndi zodulidwa ndi makala. Magawo a Violet oyenera kufotokozera (pH 5.5 mpaka 6.5)
Kufotokozera kwa Gawo "Kusankha kwa Jim's Hall".
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Episcia samakonda kukopa tizirombo tanyumba. Pokhapokha ngati pali malo osasamalidwa bwino komanso ngati muli ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri kapena musanagwiritse ntchito malo okhala bwino, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matendawa amatha kudwala mealybugs, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mizu. Ndikofunikira kulimbana nawo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Koma kuvunda pa epithet kumachitika ngati kuthilira sikuchitika bwino, ndipo nthaka ikadzala. Ndikovuta kulimbana nawo, muyenera kuchita zinthu zodzidzimutsa ndikudulira kwa mphukira. Koma ndikwabwino kuti nthawi yomweyo ndidule ndikudula mbewu zatsopano ndikutaya zakale.
Mavuto omwe amafala pakukula kwa epistemia:
- chikasu cha masamba dzuwa lowala, ndi zochulukirapo za feteleza kapena mpweya wouma;
- maonekedwe a bulauni mawanga pakasamba ndimadzi ozizira;
- kupukutira nsonga za masamba mlengalenga;
- kutayika kwa mawonekedwe mu mawonekedwe oyenera;
- kupindika masamba chifukwa chosasunthika, chilala;
- kusowa kwamaluwa pansi pazowunikira zosayenera, chinyezi, kuphwanya malamulo odyetsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza osakhala ovuta.
Episcia mkuwa kapena Episcia Cupreata.
Kufotokozera kwa kubereka
Ngakhale zili zopanda pake, mafotokozedwe ake ndi a nyama zakunja zomwe ndizosavuta kufalitsa. Mutha kupeza zolemba zatsopano pongopatula njira kuchokera kuchitsamba ngati chlorophytum. Makanda a mwana wamkazi amatenga mizu m'nthaka mumphika wina, kenako nkulekanitsidwa ndi chomera.
Njira yofalitsira kudzera mwa ma cutic apical imathandizanso. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mphukira zamtundu wokhazikika ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu opanda masamba. Mukamiza madzi odulidwa m'madzi ndi masentimita 3-4, mutha kupeza chomera chokhazikika mwezi umodzi.
Kulima kwamafotokozedwe kuchokera ku njere kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yovuta, nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kutayika kwa mitundu yamitundu. Mbewu zimamera pang'onopang'ono ponyowa pansi pamatentha kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri. Pamene mphukira zikamakula, ndibwino kuzisamutsa kuti zizipanga zokha mwachangu, ndikuwapatsa mbewuzo mosamala kwambiri.
Komanso, kufotokozaku kungafalitsidwe ndi masamba amodzi ndi kudula tsinde.
