Pakati pa oimira banja la Rutov, chimodzi mwa zipatso zotchuka kwambiri ndi mandarin. Mu Chilatini, dzina la chomera chobiriwirachi limamveka ngati mtundu wa Citrus. Mandarin ndi gawo la gulu la zipatso, zomwe zimaphatikizanso zipatso zodziwika bwino monga lalanje, ndimu, mphesa, etc. Pakutukuka kwake, mbewuyo imatha kukhala mtundu wina - chitsamba kapena mtengo, wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 5 m.
M'nyumba Mandarin
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kulima kwa mandarin m'malo opanga zinthu kwachuluka, komwe zida monga malo obiriwira, masamba obiriwira ndi minda yachisanu. Ngati mukufuna kukulitsa mbewu yobiriwira iyi, mutha kukhalanso kunyumba pa khonde kapena pazenera la sill. Masiku ano, pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu iwiri yaing'ono komanso yopanda timadzi tomwe timapangidwa kuti ikhale yoyenera kuchita izi, chifukwa akadzafika gawo lomaliza lodzala, amakhala ndi kutalika kosaposa 0.6-1.1 m. akuyenera kudula ndikukhazikitsa chitsamba.
Tangerine wamkulu m'mphika amatha kusangalatsa aliyense. Komanso, izi zimawonekera osati pakupanga zipatso zowala, zokongola za lalanje zomwe zimatha kukhalabe pamalowo kwa miyezi ingapo. Eni ake ambiri amawona maluwa okongola a mandarin, chifukwa nthambi za chomerazo zitakutidwa ndi maluwa oyera, zimayamba kuchokera kwa iwo kununkhira kodabwitsa. Pali mitundu ina ya mandarins yomwe imayamba kutulutsa maluwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Luso lenileni ndi mandarin, lomwe limamera molingana ndi njira ya bonsai.
Chimodzi mwazabwino za mandarin ya m'nyumba ndikuti sizifunikira kuipitsa kuti apange zipatso zake. Mphindi yakucha kwawo nthawi zambiri kumachitika kumapeto kwa chaka. Ngati simukufuna kudikira nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mutha kugula chomera champhika mumphika, pomwe pamakhala zipatso. Ngakhale amawoneka osangalatsa, osavomerezeka kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya. Komabe, ma tangerine amenewa ndi okongoletsa kwambiri, chifukwa akakhala m'nthaka amabweretsa feteleza wambiri. Zimawonjezera kukopa kwa mbewuyo masamba achikopa ndi akhungu.
Mitundu yakukula kunyumba
Musanakule tangerine kunyumba, muyenera choyamba sankhani kalasi yoyenera.
Unshiu. Mitundu iyi, yomwe idachokera ku Japan, ndi yosazindikira kwenikweni. Mmera umalowa mu gawo la zipatso kale mchaka cha 3-4. Mukadzala pakhomo, chomeracho chimafikira pamtunda wosaposa 0.8-1.5 m. Mukukula kwake, nthambi zambiri zimapangidwa. Ndi isanayambike masika, gawo lokhazikika la maluwa limayamba, kupangidwa kwa zipatso kumachitika kumapeto kwa Okutobala-Novembala. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a peyala ndipo mbewu yaulere.- Kovano Vasa, Micha Vasa, Miyagawa Vasa. Zomerazi zimayimira gulu lotalika la Vasya. Zitha kumera pazenera. Mukukula, tangerine amafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 40-80. Madera okucha zipatsowo amafika chaka chachiwiri, ndikupeza utoto wachikasu. Chapakatikati, gawo la maluwa yogwira limayamba. Chizindikiro cha mbewuzi, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mitundu ina yonse yazifupi, ndikuti sizifunikira kudulira korona.
- Shiva Mikan. Chowonekera ndi kukula kwake kakang'ono, mbewu iyi ndi imodzi mw mitundu yoyambirira ndikuwonetsa kukula. Pa nthawi yakucha, zipatso zazing'ono-zosakwana 30 g zimapangidwa.
- Murcott. Chomera chimadziwika chifukwa cha kutalika kwake pang'ono ndipo chimapanga zipatso zokoma kwambiri pakucha. Izi zikungofotokoza chifukwa chake kutanthauzira kwa dzina la mitunduyi kumamveka ngati "uchi".
- Clementine. Zomera zidawoneka chifukwa cha kudutsa mandarin ndi lalanje. Mukakula m'nyumba, imayamba kubereka zipatso mchaka chachiwiri. Chomera chimodzi cha mandarin chimatha kupanga zipatso zosapika 50 za mtundu wofiira wofiirira mosakhwima pachaka. Nthawi zina mbewu zimapanga zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi mbewu zambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa kuti monreal.
Unshiu. Mitundu iyi, yomwe idachokera ku Japan, ndi yosazindikira kwenikweni. Mmera umalowa mu gawo la zipatso kale mchaka cha 3-4. Mukadzala pakhomo, chomeracho chimafikira pamtunda wosaposa 0.8-1.5 m. Mukukula kwake, nthambi zambiri zimapangidwa. Ndi isanayambike masika, gawo lokhazikika la maluwa limayamba, kupangidwa kwa zipatso kumachitika kumapeto kwa Okutobala-Novembala. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a peyala ndipo mbewu yaulere.Mandarin: chisamaliro chakunyumba
Kuti mandarin obadwa pakhomo azitha kukupatsani zipatso zokoma ndi zokongola, muyenera kulondola musankhe malo komanso samalani ndikupanga kuyatsa koyenera.
Kuwala
Kukhalapo kwa kuunikira kwabwino ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kudziwa zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwa mandarin. Chimandarin chimakula bwino nthawi yayitali dzuwa litalowa. Ngati mbewuyo ilibe kuwala lokwanira, izi zingakhudze kukula kwake, kuchuluka kwa maluwa komwe kumapangidwa kungakhale kochepa, ndipo nthawi zina mbewuyo singathe kulowa gawo loyambirira.
Komanso, kupanda magetsi kumakhudza masamba, omwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe, masamba akutuluka amayamba kuchepa, kutulutsa mkhalidwe wowawa. Pachifukwachi, ndikofunikira kusankha mawindo omwe akuyang'ana mbali yakum'mawa, kumwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera ngati malo okulira mandarin. Nthawi yomweyo, amafunika kuperekera mthunzi wozungulira kuchokera ku dzuwa lamadzulo. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mandarin okongoletsa amatha kuyikidwa pa khonde kwakanthawi, ndikuthandizira kuti izolowere chilengedwe.
Mwanjira yosiyanako pang'ono, amasamalira mtengo wa mandarin nthawi yozizira, pomwe masana masana amachepa. Kwa mbewu, ndikofunikira kusankha malo owunikira kwambiri omwe dzuwa limagwa mwachindunji. Komabe, izi sizotheka nthawi zonse kuonetsetsa kuunikira okwanira. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuyatsa kwapanyumba. Mutha kudzaza kusowa kwowunikira ndi babu wamba wamba, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi chandelier kapena nyali ya tebulo. Yambani kuyatsa mbewuzo zikhale zochepa. Ngati nthawi yayitali masana ikula kwambiri, ndiye kuti izi zitha kubweretsa masamba ndi mbewu.
Kutentha kwazinthu
Kukula kwabwinoko, mandarin okongoletsera amafunika kupereka kutentha kwa chilimwe pamlingo kuphatikiza madigiri 20-25 Celsius. Mandarin ikalowa maluwa, ndikofunikira kusunga kutentha pamlingo wofika madigiri 20 kuti maluwa asagwere. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu zimafunikira kuti pakhale nyengo yochepa yogwira, ndiye kuti matenthedwe osakwana madigiri 5 mpaka 10 akhale oyenerera. Ulamuliro woterowo umalola mbewu kuti icheze mphamvu lokwanira nthawi yozizira kuti igwire bwino ntchito ya maluwa ndi kubereka kwam'mawa.
Momwe mungathiritsire ndi kupopera tangerine kunyumba?
Mtengo wa tangerine womwe umakhazikitsidwa pazenera amatha kupirira wobwereka kwa makolo ake akuthawo nthawi yayitali yachilala. Ngati chomera sichilandira chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali, izi zimapangitsa kuti masamba azithothoka, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi. Zovuta zazikulu za eni omwe aganiza zokulitsa tangerine wamkati amadzuka ndi kuthirira. Ndikofunikira kusankha mulingo woyenera wa madzi, popeza ndi chinyezi chowonjezereka pamakhala ngozi yakukula kwa matenda a fungus.
Kuti muwerengedwe kolondola kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi othirira mtengo wam'kati mwake, zinthu izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:
- kukula kwa mbewu;
- kuchuluka kwa chidebe chogwiritsidwa ntchito polima mandarin;
- kutentha kwambiri
- masana masana ndi kuwala kwambiri.
Pamene tsamba la chomera chamkati likukula, limayamba kuchuluka. kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, motero, mbewu zotere ziyenera kuperekedwa ndi chinyezi chambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, madziwo amatuluka chifukwa cha kutentha: potukuka, mbewu zimayamba kubisa chinyezi chambiri. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa madzi opopera komanso zimatengera nthawi yayitali masana. Mu tsiku lonse, stomata amatsegulidwa pafupi ndi mtengo wa tangerine, omwe ali m'munsi mwa nthaka, omwe amafunikira kusinthana kwa gasi.
Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri yothirira mbewu zamkati ndi theka loyamba la tsikuli, chifukwa ndi nthawi yino ya tsiku yomwe chithuzi chazomera chimachitika. Makamaka chidwi chake chikuyenera kulipira kutentha pozungulira: pakuchepa, pafupipafupi madzi othirira amachepetsa. Nthawi zina, ndikokwanira kuthirira mandarin masiku angapo aliwonse ngati kutentha kumasungidwa mkati mwa + 12 ... +15 digiri Celsius. Muzochitika zotere, chinyezi chochepa chokwanira kuti mbewu zizitha kugwira ntchito yake yofunika.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa zomwe zimakhudza bwino kukula kwa mtengo wa tangerine ndikumapopera masamba. Panthawi yokhala chinyezi chochepa, mandarin amayamba kumva kukhala osamasuka, chifukwa chomwe chitha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka ndi kangaude. Chifukwa chake, pak maluwa, chinyezi chimayenera kupewedwa pa maluwa.
Kodi kudyetsa mandarin kunyumba?
Kuti mtengo wa mandarin usakula bwino, komanso kuti ubereke chipatso, amafunika chisamaliro, kupereka poyambitsa michere ndi michere yachilengedwe. Popeza chidebe chokhala ndi nthaka chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimidwa, chomwe chimakhala ndi zinthu zochepa kwambiri zofunikira, zinthu zonsezi zimatsukidwa nthawi yothirira. Validwe labwino kwambiri la mandarin limatha kukhala feteleza wosungunuka kapena wowuma.
Mutha kuyamba kudyetsa zakudya zamkati m'masiku oyambirira a masika, nthawi ya masana ikayamba kuchuluka. Komanso, ma seva oyamba ayenera kukhala ochepa, omwe nthawi yayitali akuyenera kuwonjezeka. Chisamaliro makamaka chiyenera kulipidwa mpaka pano, chifukwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe komwe kumachitika masamba opanga zipatso ndi opatsa zipatso zimachitika.
Mwa mapangidwe ake abwinobwino, mtengo wa mandarin umafunikiranso michere ina. Mukukula mbewu mchipinda, ntchito ya feteleza imachitika mogwirizana ndi zomwe zimapangidwa monga mbewu zina zamkati. Mandarin ayenera kudyetsedwa m'mawa. Analimbikitsa njirayi ndi kutentha komwe. osapitilira + 18 ... +19 madigiri.
Nthawi zambiri, mtengo wa mandarin umadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wosungunuka. Mutha kuwapangitsa kuthilira kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ofowoka.- Zomera zokhazokha panyumba zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wamafuta aliwonse okhala ndi phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu. Izi ndi zomwe mbewu zimafunikira kwenikweni.
- Kukonzekera osakaniza pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa kapena ofunda firiji. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi mlingo woyenera. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsatira malangizo a mankhwalawa: kawirikawiri 1 kapu imakwanira 1 lita imodzi yamadzi. Ndizolakwika kukhulupirira kuti kuwonjezera mankhwalawa kukhala zigawo ziwiri kumabweretsa zabwino ku chomera. Kuphwanya lamulo kotere kumangovulaza mtengo wa mandarin, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwa mankhwala kapena poyizoni waziphuphu.
Nthawi zambiri, mtengo wa mandarin umadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wosungunuka. Mutha kuwapangitsa kuthilira kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ofowoka.Pomaliza
Chimandarin ndi chomera chamayiko akunja, koma eni ake ambiri aphunzira kale momwe angakulire kunyumba. Izi zokhala zobiriwira nthawi zonse zimakopeka ndi anthu ambiri osati ndi zipatso zofiira za lalanje, komanso fungo lonunkhirazomwe zimachokera ku maluwa. Kulima kwa mandarin okongoletsera m'malo amnyumba sikovuta monga kungawonekere poyamba. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe muyenera kusamalira ndikupanga malo abwino okulira komanso kukhazikika. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, posachedwa tangerine adzakusangalatsani ndi zipatso zowala komanso zokongola.
