Hoya - Fluffy Inflorescences

Hoya adadzipatsa ulemu kulemekeza wokonza dimba wachingelezi a Thomas Hoy (Wachingelezi Thomas Hoy, 1750-1822), yemwe adagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali ndi Duke waku Northumberland, makamaka m'malo obiriwira okhala ndi zomera zotentha.

Liana ili lidayamikiridwa kuyambira nthawi yayitali ndi owotcha, makamaka kudziko lakwawo ku Australia, komwe mitundu yake yambiri idabzalidwa. Kunyumba - ichi ndi chomera cholimba chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira onenepa nthawi zonse ndi Magulu a maluwa akulu owoneka ngati chikho omwe amanunkhira mwamphamvu usiku. Zambiri zimalimidwa ngati mbewu zokongoletsera, koma mitundu ina ndiyabwino kwambiri, monga Hoya McGillivrea (Hoya macgillivrayi).

Hoya MacGillivrayi © chipmunk_1

Hoya (Hoya) ndi mtundu wazomera zobiriwira nthawi zonse wa banja la Lastovnevye, wokhala ndi mitundu 250 mpaka 300. Kukhazikika kwachilengedwe komwe kumwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, gombe lakumadzulo kwa Australia, Polynesia.

Oimira genus curly kapena ndi mphukira zokwawa ndi wobiriwira konse, zitsamba. Masamba ndi ovate, chowonda, chonse, matupi amtundu, achikopa. Ma inflorescences ndi axillary. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa maambulera; corolla wozungulira wazanu, wokongola; chisoti chachifumu chokhala ndi mizati 5 yolimba, yosalala, yopingasa, yolumikizika mizati iwiri.

Hoyas ndizomera zachilendo zokongoletsera. Amakulidwa muzipinda zofunda, zofunda komanso ozizira, komanso m'zipinda (mbewu zimatha kulolera mpweya wouma). Kwa mbewu, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothandizirana ndiyofunikira (munjira ya arc, trellis kapena latisi, mzere wa moss ndi timitengo), komwe mphukira zawo za lianoid zimamangidwa.

Hoya multiflora (Hoya multiflora). © Mokkie

Mawonekedwe

Kuwala: yowala, mbewu zimaloleza dzuwa mwachindunji. Komabe, ndikasungidwa padzuwa nthawi yotentha kwambiri chilimwe, kuyaka kumatha kuchitika.

Kutentha: nthawi ya kasupe-chirimwe 22-25 ° C. M'dzinja-nthawi yozizira osatsika 16 ° С (kusiyapo ndi meaty Khoya (Hoya carnosa,, imakhala nthawi yozizira pa 12-14 ° C).

Kuthirira: kuyambira March mpaka Okutobala, madzi ochulukirapo, ofewa, osakhazikika, monga gawo loyambirira la gawo lapansi. Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mu kugwa, kumachitika masiku awiri kapena atatu pambuyo pamtunda wapamwamba (dothi loumbira silinabweretsedwe kuti lithe).

Chinyezi cha mpweya: satenga gawo lofunikira. M'chilimwe, mutha kupopera.

Mavalidwe apamwamba: nthawi ya masika-masika (masamba), mbewu zimayankha bwino povala ndi feteleza wophatikiza wam'mimba wazomera zam'mimba (kamodzi pa masabata 2-3).

Kudulira: mbewu ikafota, ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zazitali kwambiri, kusiya nthambi zazifupi zomwe maluwa amatuluka.

Nthawi yopumula: kuyambira kumapeto kwa Okutobala mpaka Marichi. Zomera zimasungidwa pamalo owala, ozizira, othiriridwa bwino.

Thirani: Zomera zazing'ono zimasinthidwa chaka ndi chaka, chifukwa zimakula kwambiri m'mbale zambiri; Zomera zazikulu amazika kamodzi pa zaka zitatu.

Kuswana: kudula mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira (makamaka, ndikotheka kufalitsa chaka chonse cha nyengo yolikulira), tsinde kudula.

Kapu ya Hoya pubic (Hoya pubicalyx). © Beatrice Murch

Chisamaliro

Khoyam imafunikira kuunikira kowala, mbewu zimaloleza dzuwa mwachindunji. Komabe, zikaisungidwa padzuwa nthawi yotentha kwambiri m'chilimwe, mbewu zimatha kuwotchedwa. Malo abwino kwambiri okulira - mawindo okhala ndi mawonekedwe akumadzulo kapena akummawa. Akakula pazenera lakumwera, masana masana, ndibwino kuti mupange kuyatsa kuyatsa pogwiritsa ntchito nsalu kapena pepala (tulle, gauze, pepala lofufuza). Zowoneka bwino ndi zonunkhira zomwe zimayima pamthunzi (kapena nthawi yozizira) sizingadziwike mwadzidzidzi ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa; ziyenera kuzolowera pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa chosowa kuwala, mbewuyo sikukutulutsa pazenera lakumpoto.

Mu nthawi yophukira-yozizira, mmera umapezekanso pazowunikira zabwino, shading sifunikira. Chapakatikati, ndikuwonjezereka kwa kuwunikira, kuunika zochulukirapo kumazolowera pang'onopang'ono kupewa kupsa.

Kutentha kwakukulu kuti mbewu zikule ndi kutukuka kwa dzinja ndi 22-25 ° C. Kutentha kwa zomwe zimapezeka nthawi yophukira-yozizira sikuyenera kukhala otsika kuposa 16 ° С (kupatula ndiye meaty Hoya (Hoya carnosa), amasungidwa nthawi yozizira pa 12-14 ° С). Mtengowo umatha nthawi yozizira ndipo pa 20-22 ° C, komabe, motere, maluwa ochepa kwambiri angayembekezeredwe. Hoya sakonda kusunthika kwa mpweya - chipinda nachocho chizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, nthawi yozizira izi zimachitika mosamala kuti zisachitike.

Hoya Mindorensis, Mindorsky (Hoya mimdorensis). © Vermont Hoyas

Kuyambira pa Malichi mpaka Okutobala, ma hoyas amathiridwa madzi ambiri ndi madzi ofewa, okhala ngati chosanjikiza chapamwamba cha ma densi. Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mu kugwa, kumachitika masiku awiri kapena atatu pambuyo pamtunda wapamwamba (dothi loumbira silinabweretsedwe kuti lithe). Kutsirira kumatha kuchitika ndi madzi ofunda pang'ono. Ngati ndizosowa kwambiri kapena kusathirira mbewu konse, ndiye kuti chomera chimafa mbali ya mizu, chimafooka kenako ndikukula.

Kawiri pachaka (mu nthawi ya masika ndi yophukira), chomera chonsecho chimamizidwa m'madzi mu 30-30 ° C kwa mphindi 30-40, ndi chotupa cha maola awiri. Izi zimathandizira kukula bwino komanso maluwa othamanga.

Chinyezi sichichita gawo lalikulu la hoya, koma tikulimbikitsidwa kupaka nthawi ya chilimwe. Pukuta mosamala, ndikofunikira kuti musaponye madontho pamaluwa.

Munthawi ya kasupe (nthawi yamasamba), zomerazi zimayendera bwino povala ndi feteleza wophatikiza wam'mimba wazomera zam'mimba (kamodzi pa masabata 2-3).

Kuwala kwambiri (mawindo owala m'zipinda) kumayambitsa kupangitsa maluwa. Maluwa amapitilira mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Masamba akaonekera, hoyu sayenera kusunthidwa kuti asayambitse maluwa. Pansi pamaluwa a maluwa mutha kuyika ma props. Mtengowo ukazirala, ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zazitali kwambiri, ndikusiya nthambi zazifupi zomwe maluwa amatuluka. Zidendene siziyeneranso kuchotsedwa, chifukwa masamba chamawa - maluwa awonekera.

Kufunika kwamphamvu kumathandiza kuti mbewuzo zikhale zowongoka.

Zomera zing'onozing'ono zimabzulidwa chaka chilichonse, chifukwa zimakula kwambiri m'mbale zambiri; Zomera zazikulu amazika kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Dothi ndilabwino komanso labwino ndipo limatha kupezeka, pang'ono acid komanso losalowerera (pH 5.5-7). Hoya amakula bwino pafupifupi m'dziko lililonse, mwachitsanzo, m'munda wophatikizidwa ndi mchenga. Gawo loyenerera kwambiri limapangidwa ndi dothi-turf, tsamba komanso malo obiriwira (2: 1: 1) kapena dongo-turf, nthaka yamasamba, peat ndi mchenga (2: 1: 1: 1). Hoya wokongola (Hoya bella) amalimidwa bwino pamtunda wosakaniza masamba, peat, humus ndi mchenga m'magawo ofanana ndikuwonjezera makala. Kukhetsa bwino madzi kumafunika.

Hoya ndi chomera chabwino cha chikhalidwe cha hydroponic.

Hoya ridleyi © Vermont Hoyas

Kuswana

Zomera zimafalikira ndi kudulidwa mu nthawi yophukira ndi yophukira (makamaka, ndizotheka kufalitsa nthawi yonse yomwe ikukula). Zodulidwa zimadulidwa ndi masamba awiriawiri, koma zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuwoneka kwa mizu mu petioles sikuli pamtunda, koma pakati pa mawonekedwe, kotero iwo odulidwa sawadula pansi pa mfundo, koma pansi pa mawonekedwe. Gawo laling'ono lakumata limapangidwa ndi peat - 2 maola, mchenga - 1 ora, ndipo amatha kuzika mizu m'madzi. Kutentha kwenikweni kwa mizu kumachepera 20 ° C. Zidutswa za Hoya zimazika mizu mchipinda mosavuta.

Zodulidwa mizu (patsiku la 20-25th) zodulidwa m'miphika 9-centimeter. Kupanga kwa dziko lapansi ndi motere: turf - 1 ora, tsamba - 2 maola, humus - 0,5 maola ndi mchenga - 1 ora; feteleza ovuta amawonjezeredwa ndi osakaniza.

Kuti maluwa akhale mchaka choyamba, amagwiritsa ntchito njira inanso yobala - tsinde loyikira. Pa mphukira ya chomera chakale, chimapangika, chopakidwa ndi chonyowa mache, chomangirizidwa ndi twine komanso wokutidwa ndi pulasitiki. Pambuyo pakupanga mizu, gawo lakumwambalo limadulidwa ndikubzala mumphika.

Hoya wopangidwa ndi Cup (Hoya calycina). © Vermont Hoyas

Kuti mupeze zolemba zopangidwa mwaluso, osachepera atatu odulidwa obzalidwa mumphika umodzi.

Kuti mupeze nthambi zanthete, zitsina mutapangidwa tsamba la 3-4th.

Chenjezo: maluwa a chomera amanunkhira. Kununkhira kungayambitse zochita zina (mwachitsanzo, mutu). Masamba amatha kuyambitsa dermatitis.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Chifukwa chotentha kwambiri kapena dzuwa lowala kwambiri, masamba amasandulika, amayamba kuuma komanso kupindika.
Masamba owuma kwambiri komanso otentha amagwa.
Kuchokera pakuchepa kapena kusowa kwa chinyontho, komanso kuchokera ku youma kwambiri komanso kwa mpweya wotentha, masamba a maluwa amagwa.
Kuchokera pakusayenda kwamadzi ndi kumadzi ozizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuthirira, masamba kapena mphukira imatha kugwa.
Kuchokera chinyezi chambiri mu dothi, mizu ndi maziko a tsindewo amatha kuvunda.
Ndi wopanda kuwala komanso kusintha malo, maluwa amatha kugwa.
Ndikusowa kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka, kukula kwa mbewu kumachepera, masamba amapeza mtundu wobiriwira (urea uyenera kudyetsedwa pakumizidwa kwa 1 g / l).
Kutentha kochepa kwambiri komanso kuthirira kwambiri kapena kusakwanira kungayambitse chikaso, kutaya masamba ndikugwa kwawo.

Mitundu

Majya Hoya (Hoya imperialis)

Amakhala m'nkhalango pachilumba cha Malacca. Kukwera mbewu, zitsamba. Kuwombera ndi pubescent. Masamba ndi chowulungika; 15-20 masentimita kutalika kwake, kuzunguliridwa m'munsi mwa mbale, posachedwa kuloza pamwamba, kosalala, kolimba. Petiole ndi pubescent, lalikulu, masentimita 5-7. Maluwa 6-10 opachika maambulera, kutalika kwa 12-20 masentimita, ofiira akuda, achikasu obiriwira panja; korona posachedwa pubescent, wokhala ndi nyenyezi zowoneka ngati nyenyezi, pazithunzi zazifupi; ndi fungo labwino.

Hoya multiflora (Hoya multiflora)

Amamera m'nkhalango ku Malaysia. Zokwera mbewu. Masamba amakhala owala. Maluwa ambiri, ophatikizidwa maambulera, achikasu; pamakhala ochepa; korona ndi arched spurs.

Pa chikhalidwe, mitundu yake ndiyofala.

Meaty hoya (Hoya carnosa)

Imamera m'nkhalango, pamiyala, mitengo yotentha komanso kum'mwera kwa Asia komanso ku Queensland (Australia). Zilala mpaka 6 m; mapesi akukwawa, pubescent. Masamba ndi ovate-oblong, ovate-cordate, 5-8 cm kutalika ndi 3-4 cm mulifupi, ndi onenepa onenepa, nthawi zambiri - lalifupi, lalifupi, lamtambo, lonyezimira, lamtundu, lalifupi. Maluwa mu maambulera, nyama yoyera kapena yotuwa, yokhala ndi korona wapinki pakati, pazovala zazifupi; corolla mpaka 1.5 masentimita, 5-mlings; lobes yotakata, yokhala ndi zopindika komanso yopindika kuchokera kumtunda; ndi fungo labwino. Chomera chokongoletsera chodziwika bwino, chomwe chimamera m'mipinda ndi malo obiriwira. Limamasamba kwambiri masika ndi chilimwe.

Hoya wokongola (Hoya bella)

Wapezeka ku nkhalango ku Burma. Zitsamba zosadzidwa. Akuwombera zokwawa, zopyapyala, zamasamba ochepa. Masamba ndi ovate-lanceolate, ocheperako, 2-2,5 cm kutalika, nkhungu, ngolo, pang'ono kokhazikika. Maluwa a maambulera akutsika, ang'ono, mpaka 1.5 cm mulifupi, waxy, oyera, 5-lobed; chisoti chofiirira. Limamasamba kwambiri komanso nthawi yayitali.

Chomera chokongoletsera kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati ampel muzipinda zofunda (tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa pafupi ndi gwero loyatsa).

Tikuyembekezera upangiri wanu ndi ndemanga!