Gladiolus - maluwa malupanga

Gladiolus ndi maluwa apanga, ndiye mfumu ya chigonjetso, duelist wokongola. Nthano zambiri zabwino komanso zikhulupiriro zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu yokongola iyi. Amanena kuti amachiritsa. Malinga ndi nthano, gladioli idakula kuchokera malupanga ogwidwa ndi Aroma a gulu lankhondo la Thracian. Gladiolus, kapena Fennel (Gladíolus) - mtundu wa mbewu zosatha za banja la Iris ndi maluwa okongola. Buku lino liziwonetsa za kukula kwa gladioli m'munda.

Kufotokozera kwamabotolo a gladiolus

Malo obadwira gladiolus ndi madera otentha kwambiri ku Africa ndi Mediterranean, Central and Southern Europe, Central Asia, Western Siberia. Pafupifupi mitundu 200 imadziwika. Zomera zosatha, ma corms. Zimayambira ndi ofukula, osasinthika, osakwatiwa, opanda masamba, 50-150 cm. Masamba amakhala a mzere kapena xiphoid 50-80 cm.

Ma shefu a gladiolus amatha pafupi ndi tsinde, ndikuwapatsa mphamvu zowonjezera. Maluwawo amatenga mbali imodzi, mbali ziwiri kapena zowongoka zokha mpaka 80cm kutalika, kotayirira, kwapakatikati kapena wandiweyani. Maluwa a Sedentary okhala ndi perianth yosavuta yooneka ngati ma kanyumba sikisi osayenerana, ophatikizidwa ndi maziko, akulu akulu ndi mawonekedwe.

Chipatso cha gladiolus ndi bokosi la tricuspid. Pali mbewu zambiri, zimakhala zozungulira kapena zowondera, zofiirira. Corm wozungulira, wokonzedwanso pachaka, atavala masikelo oyambira kuyambira oyera mpaka wakuda ndi chitumbuwa.

Kubzala gladioli

Momwe angakonzekerere nthaka kuti ibzale gladioli?

Kukonzekera dothi la gladioli pamafunika kuchita zina. Gladioli amakula bwino panthaka iliyonse yolimidwa, koma koposa zonse - pamiyeso yamchenga, yokhala ndi humus yambiri. Onetsetsani kuti mukuwonjezera mchenga panthaka yadothi.

Onjezani humus, laimu ndikukumba mpaka pamtunda wa 25-30 cm m'dera lomwe mudasankha gladiolus nthawi yophukira. Manyowa atsopano sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, pazifukwa ziwiri: pamenepa mababu samasungidwa bwino, masamba ochulukirapo ndi maluwa ochepa .

Chapakatikati, mabedi a gladiolus amafunika kukumbidwa, kupukusidwa ndi kuthira manyowa ndi ammonium nitrate (15-20 g pa sq. M), kawiri superphosphate (10-15 g pa sq. M) ndi potaziyamu sulfate (25-30 g pa sq. M). Mukabzala, mutha kuwonjezera phulusa la nkhuni - 40-60 g pa mita imodzi.

Palibe vuto kuti musabzale gladioli pamalo amodzi nyengo ziwiri zotsatizana - zimapweteka. Kupatula apo, pewani madera omwe phlox, asters ndi maluwa ena, amakonda matenda a fungus ofanana ndi gladioli, omwe adakula. Zoyenerana zoyenera ndi nkhaka, anyezi, adyo ndi sitiroberi.

Osabzala gladioli m'malo amodzi nyengo ziwiri motsatizana - adzapweteke

Tikufika

Kuti gladioli isangalale ndi maluwa owolowa manja, ndikofunikira kusankha malo oyenera ndikudzala zipatsozo moyenera. Amadziwika kuti gladiolus ndi wopepuka komanso wokonda dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, posankha malo ake, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti bedi limayang'ana bwino kuchokera kummawa kupita kumadzulo.

Pakatikati pa Russia, gladioli imabzalidwa theka loyambirira la Meyi ngati nthaka itatentha kale mpaka madigiri 10 Celsius. Pokhala chinyezi chokwanira komanso kutentha pang'ono, mizu yake imakulika kwambiri ndipo mizu yamphamvu imapangidwa, yomwe imaperekanso mbewu moyenera.

Asanadzalemo ma cadi a gladiolus pansi, amayeretsedwa masikelo owuma; mothandizidwa ndi matendawa, malo opanda thanzi amadulidwapo, ndipo magawo amawaza ndi makala osweka. Zowona, zonsezi zitha kupewedwa ngati ma tubers apendedwa mosamala panthawi yogula - sipayenera kuwola ndi nkhungu pa iwo. Yang'anirani pansi: ngati yaying'ono, ndiye babu akadali wamng'ono.

Corm wa gladiolus okhwima, monga lamulo, ali ndi mainchesi 5 mpaka 7 masentimita, koma toyesa masentimita 10 amapezekanso, ngakhale ndizosowa kwambiri. Zilonda zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chilichonse zimasinthidwa ndi zatsopano - nthawi zambiri chimakhala chimodzi kapena ziwiri, nthawi zina zitatu kapena zinayi. Ndipo ngakhale pamunsi pawo, impso (ana) zimapangidwa ndi mainchesi 2 mpaka 10 mm, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumasiyana kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 200 ndipo zimatengera chikhalidwe cha mitundu ya mitundu komanso njira zokulira.

Kukula ndi msinkhu wa ma corms ndi mtundu wa nthaka zimakhudza kuya kwakubzala. Pamadothi opepuka, amaikidwa pakuya kwa masentimita 10-12, pamadothi ozungulira - 2-3 masentimita okwera. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ta gladiolus timakhala 5-8 cm kuchokera pamwamba, ana sayenera kutsika ndi 3-5 cm, ndipo amabzalidwa sabata asanadutse mababu akuluakulu. Mutabzala, kamawu umakonkhedwa ndi peat kapena humus kwa masentimita atatu.

Ndipo ngati mumabzala mwakuya? Choyamba, gladioluses idzaphuka pambuyo pake. Kachiwiri, chimwala chachikulu chimapangidwa, koma padzakhala ana ochepa. Ndipo zosasangalatsa kwambiri - mabulosi ozizira a chilimwe amatha kupatsira matenda oyamba ndi mabakiteriya.

Chisamaliro cha Gladiolus

Monga munthu aliyense, a gladiolus amakonda kuzunguliridwa ndi chisamaliro komanso chidwi. Amayankha mokoma mtima ndi chikondi ndi utoto wolemera komanso maluwa owala bwino. Ndipo popeza njira yopita kumtima wamunthuyo idagona pamimba, kuti akwaniritse duwa, liyenera kudyetsedwa: masiku 10 aliwonse, kuyambira zaka khumi za Juni, kapena molingana ndi gawo la kakulidwe.

Nthawi yoyamba gladioli kudyetsedwa masamba a masamba atatu, pomwe - wachiwiri - 5-6, chabwino, komanso wachitatu - atatsala maluwa. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamadzimadzi. Koma mchere wouma ndiwofunikanso - mu Mlingo wina: 10 g ya ammonium nitrate, 10-15 g ya potaziyamu mchere kapena 20-25 g wa phulusa lamatabwa ndi 10 g ya superphosphate pa 1 sq. Km. m Pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito, dothi limasulidwa ndikuthiriridwa bwino. Pakati pa Ogasiti, kudyetsa kuyenera kuyimitsidwa.

Samalirani chinyezi. Gladioli amakhudzidwa makamaka ndi kuchepa kwake akapanga inflorescence ndi gawo lachiwiri la mizu. Thirirani mbewuyo munthawi yake, apo ayi mizu yake imakula, ndipo inflorescence ikhoza kupunduka.

Gladioli amamva kwambiri kusowa kwa chinyontho.

Gladioli pamapangidwe apangidwe

Ndi mbewu ziti zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa m'minda ya m'minda? Zomwe zimafunikira kukonzedwa pang'ono ndipo zimagwirizana ndi masoka a nyengo. Kodi opanga amakonda chiyani? Zomera zokongoletsera bwino zomwe siziphwanya kapangidwe ka dimba la maluwa kaya kale, nthawi, kapena maluwa. Gladiolus samakwaniritsa chilichonse mwazofunikira izi.

Gimp yozizira yokhala ndi ma glicololic cubicles imapereka nkhawa: iwuka - sadzauka, amasuka - sadzauma. Gawo lalikulu la dimba la maluwa limakhala losatsimikizira kwa nthawi yayitali. Mvula ikadzala, mivi yomwe imasochera kuchoka kumaso iyenera kumangirizidwa ndi zikhomo. Ndipo pomaliza pake, iwo amadulidwa mopanda chisoni, chifukwa oyamba a Seputembala afika.

Funso lanzeru limadzuka: bwanji gladioli yobzalidwa konse? Choyamba, chikhalidwe; kachiwiri, mu March slush ndizosatheka kudutsa ma phukusi okongola a mababu; ndipo chachitatu, ngati muchita chilichonse molingana ndi malamulo, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.

Pachiyambi chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino lomwe maluwa omwe adapangidwira kudula, ndipo azikongoletsa dimba la maluwa. Zomwe zidadulidwa, timabzala mosiyana. M'munda kapena m'munda wam'mbuyomo. Ngati mukuganiza kuphatikiza gladioli pamapangidwe amtundu, muyenera kuyamba ndi kulingalira kudzera mu assortment.

Ndi mitundu yake yonse yosiyanasiyana, gladioli imagawidwa m'magulu awiriawiri: yayikulu-maluwa komanso yaying'ono.

Gladioli yayikulu-yamaluwa - awa ndi abwino kwambiri omwe tinkakonda kuwaona m'minda yathu komanso maluwa. Malo abwino kwambiri kwa iwo ndi chosakanikirana chachikulu mwamwambo.

Gladioli wokhala ndi maluwa ochepa - gulu latsopano kwa ife. Amakhala otsika ndipo amawoneka ochulukirapo. Koma izi ndizomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osiyana siyana komanso abwino. Kuphatikiza pa nsalu yotchingira m'munda wamaluwa, ndioyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi miyala ndi ma conifers, komanso malo okhala ndi miyala yayikulu, ndipo ngakhale muli zotengera.

Mitundu ya gladioli yotsika mtengo ingabzalidwe kuti dothi lomwe pansi pawo likhale lotseguka (mwachilengedwe, owazidwa ndi tchipisi tamasamba, timiyala tating'ono, miyala yocheperako) Ndipo ma sukulu apamwamba, monga lamulo, amawonekera pansipa yachiwiri m'munda wamaluwa.

Vuto la gladioli ndilawiri: poyamba, limaphulika mochedwa, ndipo chachiwiri, nsalu yotchinga imagwera popanda mvula ndi mphepo. Tiyenera kupita ku misampha. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kudzala gladioli pakati pa masamba obiriwira oyamba kutalika (spirea yaying'ono, barberry, ndi zina) omwe amatha kutsata. Kapena imbani mitengo yofananira mozungulira yomwe imabisala zingwe zosalondola.

Ndipo, zachidziwikire, sizivuta kusindikiza malo ndi oyendetsa ndege, ndiye kuti amangobzala oyendetsa ndege pakati pa gladioli. Ngati mungawasankhele ndi utoto (kuti mufanane ndi maluwa amtsogolo kapena mtundu wamba), apangitsa chidwi.

Muzochitika zonsezi, taganizani, nthaka idakutidwa ndipo gladioli ikuwoneka kuti ikutukuka ndi unyinji wa mbewu zina. Pansi posasangalatsa, kumbuyo kwa chowonekera, maluwa ophatikizika amathandizidwa, ndipo duwa lamaluwa ndilabwino chilimwe chonse.

Swamp gladiolus (Gladiolus palustris).

Mitundu ya gladioli

Gladiolus Swamp (Gladiolus palustris). M'madera akutali a Central Europe, Northern Italy, Peninsula ya Balkan; osowa ku Belarus. Tsinde ndilofowoka, loonda, lalitali 30-60 cm. Maluwa ndi a 5-8, 3 cm, lalitali. Chubu imapindika, kutalika kwa 0,5-0.7 cm. Perianth lobes chowulungika, cholumikizira, polumikizana; Malo opindika atatu otsika kutalika kuposa kumtunda, ndi chikhomo chofanana ndi kutalika kwa dzanja. Anthers ofanana stamens. Broker ndi lanceolate, point, 3-4 cm. The inflorescence ndi mbali imodzi. Masamba 2-3, ali ndi mzere, 18-20 masentimita kutalika, 1 cm mulifupi. Corm mpaka 2 cm mulifupi; zipolopolo ndizowoneka bwino, zopindika. Limamasula m'chilimwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yamwala, pobowola m'mphepete mwa nyanja pafupi ndi malo osungira. Ziphuphu zimabzalidwa nthawi ya kugwa, chifukwa yozizira ziyenera kuphimbidwa. Kuyesedwa: Moscow, Stavropol.

Gladiolus byzantine (Gladiolus byzantinus). Pamadambo, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango ku Mediterranean, Asia Minor ndi Asia Minor (Syria, Turkey, Iran). Limamasula m'chilimwe. Tsinde ndi lalitali 45-60 cm, lolunjika, loonda. Maluwa ndi akulu kwambiri, mwachilengedwe masentimita 3-4, mchikhalidwe mpaka mpaka 5-6 masentimita, utoto wofiirira kwa carmine-ofiira (rasipiberi) wokhala ndi mzere woyera pafupi ndi mtsempha wapakati. Chubu ndi yaying'ono (1-1,5 cm kutalika), pang'ono. Perianth lobes yopapatiza, yotalikirapo kuposa yapamwamba komanso ndi msomali womveka bwino wamtali wofanana ndi miyendo. Ma Anther pafupifupi ali ofanana ndi ulusi. Mabulogu ali ndi mawonekedwe a chikwakwa, mpaka 3 cm. The inflorescence ndiyosowa, mbali imodzi, 15-20 cm, ndi maluwa 5-10. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala masamba atatu, ndi xiphoid, 30-30 cm kutalika ndi 1-1,5 cm mulifupi, mitsempha yofowoka itafooka. Corm wozungulira, 1.8-2 cm mulifupi; Zigobazi zimakhala zofiirira, zophatikizika; mu zowerengeka zachilengedwe, ndizopindika, zimagawanika kukhala zingwe. Mbewu ndi zofiirira, zamapiko.

Gladiolus Kochi (Gladiolus kotschyanus). Pamalo onyanja okhala mpaka pansi pa 3,000 malo aku Iran ndi Afghanistan; South Transcaucasia. Tsinde 35-65 masentimita, cholimba, chopyapyala. Maluwa 4-8 m'lifupi, m'mphepete mwa mbali imodzi. Perianth 2.5-3 cm kutalika., Mdima wofiirira-violet; lobes ovate-scapular yocheperako pang'ono marigold. Tube mpaka kutalika kwa 1 cm., Bent. Mabulogu 1.5 cm., Lanceolate-oblong. Masamba, kuphatikiza 3, chingwe ,onda, 20-30 cm., 0.6- 0.8 cm mulifupi. Bokosi ndi obovate. Mbewu ndi yozungulira, yopanda waya. Corm ovoid, 2-2,5 cm mulifupi.; zipolopolo ndi zopyapyala, zachikopa, meshi pamwamba. Limamasula masika. Kubala chipatso. Chalangizidwa kwa ogwira ntchito komanso osakanikirana.

Gladiolus vulgaris (Gladiolus communis) Pamtunda wa subalpine ndi nkhalango imamera mpaka kutalika kwa 2100 m pamwamba pa nyanja. m ku Mediterranean, kumwera kwa Europe, Asia Little, Iran; Crimea, Caucasus. Tsinde ndi 60-100 cm wamtali, okhazikika. Maluwa ndi ofiirira, kumapeto kwa loboti pakati kumakhala mzere, woboola pakati, wamtali wa 3-4 cm, mwamphamvu zygomorphic. Perianth chubu yaying'ono (mpaka 1 cm kutalika), yokhotakhota. Zidutswazo ndi zopapatiza, 2.5-3 cm kutalika, pansi 3 ndi marigold. Broker ndi ochepa, 1.5-2 cm kutalika, lanceolate. Khutu ndi lakuda, limodzi mbali, 15-20 cm, kuchokera 4-5 maluwa. Ma alant ofanana kapena ofupikira pang'ono kuposa ulusi. Masamba 3-4, akuwonekeratu pang'ono, 20-30 cm kutalika, 1.5-2 cm mulifupi. Corm wozungulira, mpaka 2 cm mulifupi; Zigoba zamafuta ophatikizika, maukonde opitilira m'mwamba. Bokosilo ndi obovate, kutalika kwa 1-1,5 cm.

Gladiolus adalemba (Gladiolus imbricatus). Pamiyala ndi zitsamba zowuma ku Mediterranean, Eastern ndi Central Europe; kuchokera ku Crimea ndi Caucasus kumwera kwa dera la Leningrad, imalowera kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Kazakhstan (mapiri a Mugodzharskie). Tsinde ndilowongoka, 30-50 cm wamtali, mchikhalidwe mpaka masentimita 80. Maluwa kuchokera 3 mpaka 14 mumphepete mwa mbali imodzi, koma inflorescence yayifupi. Perianth ndi yofiirira-yofiirira komanso yofiirira yakuda, m'malo mwake ndi yayikulu, 3 cm. ndi 3-4 masentimita a tirigu. Zogawikazo ndizazoloweka, zongoyenerana, pafupifupi zonse zofanana, zikupangika pang'ono. Chubu ndi yaying'ono, yokhotakhota, mpaka 1 cm. Broker ndi lanceolate, ochepa, 2-2,5 cm kutalika. Masamba 2-3, ali pamzere ndi kutchulidwa pang'ono, kutalika kwa 15-30 cm. Corm wozungulira, mpaka 2 cm mulifupi; zipolopolo ndi zopyapyala, zopangidwa ndi ulusi wofanana, zikuwola pansi. Bokosilo ndi lokwera komanso cylindrical. Mbeu zamapiko akulu. Limamasula kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.

Gladiolus Byzantine (Gladiolus byzantinus).

Gladiolus Kochi (Gladiolus kotschyanus).

Gladiolus vulgaris (Gladiolus communis).

Njira zothanirana ndi matenda a gladiolus

Nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda a gladiolus, choyambirira, kupewa, prophylaxis ndi prophylaxis. Ndikosavuta kupewa matenda kuposa kulimbana nawo pambuyo pake. Kufalikira kwa matendawa kumathandizira kuti pakhale ulimi wopanda chilungamo komanso kusazindikira zoyambira zoteteza mbewu.

Matenda ambiri a gladiolus amafalitsidwa ndi fungal spores. Ndi malo okhuthala komanso nyengo yovuta, matenda amatha kuthana ndikumabzala m'masiku ochepa. Kuphatikizana ndi feteleza wama mineral kumatha kukhudza chitukuko cha matenda moyenera komanso molakwika. Mchere wambiri mu nthaka umayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi la mizu. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa mosavuta kudzera mu minofu yakufa.

Pa maluwa, ndizowopsa kuthana ndi gladioli ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, chifukwa izi zimawonjezera malo omwe amalumikizana ndi mizu, omwe amathandizanso kulowetsa kwa bowa ndi mabakiteriya mu chomera. M'dzinja, ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka, kukula kwa mbewu kumapitilira nthawi yayitali, komwe kumachepetsa kukula kwa ma corms. Potaziyamu kumawonjezera kukana kwa mbewu osati matenda, komanso nyengo, mkuwa, manganese ndi zinc zimathandizanso pa izi.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nayitrogeni amachepetsa kugaya kwamkuwa, ndi phosphorous - mkuwa, zinki ndi boron. Chifukwa chake, munthawi yomweyo ndi mavalidwe apamwamba ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, feteleza wa mkuwa uyeneranso kuperekedwa. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa phosphorous ndi zovuta zake pakukhudzana kwa zinthu zambiri, munthu sayenera kunyongedwa ndi feteleza wa phosphorous. Pali agrotechnical, mankhwala ndi njira zakuwongolera matenda.

Njira zochizira matenda

Kukonzekeretsa dothi pobzala gladioli ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kupewa. Mu nthawi yophukira, dothi limakumbidwa pamiyala iwiri ya fosholo ndikupanga zotsalira. Izi zimathandizira kukonza dothi, poti michere yamitundu yambiri ilowa mkati ndikufa pamenepo.

Kubwezeretsa nthaka kumathandizira kwambiri pakusintha kwa mbeu. Mwachitsanzo, kutsogolo kwa gladioli ndikofunikira kukula marigolds, calendula, nasturtium, mpiru, parsley. Mwa kupeza corms zatsopano, mutha kubweretsa matenda aliwonse patsamba lanu. Chifukwa chake, yoyenera, yoyenera komanso yopatsira majakisoni iyenera kuperekedwa.

Zomera za gladioli musanabzalidwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino ndikubzala zokha zathanzi - zina zonse zowonongedwa. Kuchepetsa kubzala mwakuthupi mu 0,05% yankho lamkuwa wa sulfate kapena yankho lamphamvu la potaziyamu kwa mphindi 30 musanadzalemo kumathandizira kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda padziko lapansi.

Kubzala nthawi yokwanira kumawonjezera kukana kwa mbewu ku matenda. Kubzala kumachedwetsedwa mpaka kutentha kwa dothi kukwera mpaka madigiri 10, kukula kwa mizu kumachedwetsedwa, ndipo chifukwa cha kupatsidwa kwa michere mu corm, kukula kwamasamba kumayamba. Zotsatira zake, mbewu zimakhumudwa komanso zimayambukiridwa mosavuta ndi matenda.

Kuchotsa udzu, kulima ndi kuthirira ndizofunikira kwambiri kupewa. Namsongole sathetsa nthaka, komanso amatetezera matenda. Kutsegulira kumathandizira kuwononga mycelium ndikuwongolera kufikira kwa mizu. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kumafooketsa mizu, ndipo gladioli imakhudzidwa ndimatenda.

Kuvala koyenera panthawi yake kumawonjezera chitetezo cha mbewu. Nthawi yokufukula kwa gladioli imakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa mbewu zodwala chaka chamawa. Pambuyo pake kuyeretsa, kumadwalanso matenda ambiri. Mwana wobzala ayenera kumwedwa kokha kuchokera ku mbewu zamphamvu zathanzi, momwemo mitunduyo imakulira bwino nthawi zonse.

Njira yamankhwala

Kuthira feteleza zinthu za gladioli, dothi ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, zinthu zapoizoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito paziphuphu ndi tizirombo. Mankhwala amathandizidwanso chifukwa cha prophylaxis, kutanthauza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kuwoneka pansi pa izi. Mankhwala oopsa amawononga spores asanalowe m'matangadza.

Kuthira dothi m'nthawi yophukira kukumba, kuthiriridwa ndi 2% mkuwa sulfate solution kapena 1-3% thiazone yankho pamlingo wa malita 10 pa mita 1. Asanabzalidwe, ma corms amathiriridwa kwa maola 15 mu njira yofunda ya feteleza wamamineral okwanira ndi 20 g. Malita 10, (koma osawonjezereka nthawi imodzi mu zaka 3), kenako kuteteza kwa matenda kwa mphindi 30. mu yakuda chitumbuwa njira ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena yankho la mkuwa sulphate (5 g. pa 10 l.) kapena bwino kwa maola 18 yankho la thiourea (5 g pa 1 l.).

Ngakhale matendawo a gladioli akhathamira mu njira ya thiourea amatha kuchiritsidwa. Karbofos amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera mankhwala kuchokera ku tizirombo, kuyambira kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June ndikamatha milungu iwiri, katatu kokha pamnyengo (20g pa malita 10 a madzi). Ngati m'munda muli peonies, ndiye kuti amathandizidwa ndi yankho limodzi, monga kupulumuka kumachoka pachikhalidwe chimodzi kupita kwina.

Popewetsa komanso kupopera mankhwalawa, kuyambira pakati pa Juni, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi yankho la mkuwa wa oxychloride (magalamu 5 mpaka 10 pa malita 10) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku 4-5 osachepera katatu motsatira. Pofuna kuthana ndi kupindika, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa adyo kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito (100-200 gr. Pa malita 10).

Kubzala gladioli mwanjira yabwino kumawonjezera kukana kwa mbewu ku matenda.

Njira yakuthupi

Thupi limakhala mu kutentha mankhwalawa gladioli corms atatha kufufuma. Ma corm onyansa amafunika kutsukidwa, kupatulidwa khanda, kudula mizu ndi zimayambira. Thirani corms ndi madzi otentha, kutentha + 55 madigiri. kutengera ndendende thermometer. Pakatha mphindi 5, thirirani madzi ndikudzaza ndi madzi otentha kwa mphindi 10 (55). Ndiye kukhetsa madzi otentha ndipo nthawi yomweyo kutsanulira madzi ozizira madigiri 10-12, ndikusintha m'malo 3-4 kapena kutsika.

Kusiyana kwazotentha kumathandiza kuchiritsa ma corms ochokera ku Fusarium, zowola, nkhanambo, zimawonongeka pamatumbo ndi kupindika. Chithandizo cha ma corms chimatsanuliridwa kwa mphindi 30 ndi yankho lamphamvu la potaziyamu permanganate (2 g. Per 1 lita). Zitatha izi, limapuma masiku awiri ndi awiri pamatenthedwe komanso mpweya wabwino, kenako masiku 30 pa kutentha kwa madigiri 20-25.