Alpinia amatanthauza mbewu zosatha za banja la ginger wokhala ngati chitsamba, zomwe zimakonda kupezeka ku malo otentha a kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Ili ndi dzina lake kwa dotolo, wapaulendo komanso wasayansi waku Italy Alpini Prospero.
Alpinia imakhala ndi mizu yayikulu yakuda yokhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Mitundu ya achikulire imatha kukhala ndi timitengo topitilira 35, ina itakhala ndi inflorescence ndipo imatha kutalika kuposa mita.
Alpinia limamasula ndi maluwa oyera, apinki, achikasu ndi ofiira, ali ndi inflorescence mantha kapena mtundu. Masamba okhala ndi mbali zowongoka amaloledwa, kutalika, mpaka 25 cm.Meruyo ali ndi chipatso - bokosi lofiira lomwe lili ndi mbeu zokulirapo 5 mm.
Alpine rhizomes ali ndi katundu wochiritsa chifukwa cha zomwe zili ndi eugenol, mafuta ofunikira, ma tannins ndi flavonoids.
Mitundu ya mapiri.
Alpinia chisamaliro kunyumba
Kuwala
Alpinia imakhala ngati chomera chokongoletsera; mkati mwake chimatha kukhala ndi zaka zitatu. Alpinia ndi chomera chojambula bwino kwambiri, chimakonda kuwala kowala ndi kosangalatsa. M'chilimwe, ndibwino kupukusa mbewu kuti ichotse dzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zowunikira.
Kutentha
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kutentha kwenikweni kwa kukwera mapiri kuyenera kukhala kwamtunda wama 23-25. M'nyengo yozizira, matenthedwe sayenera kukhala otsika kuposa kutentha kwa madigiri 15-17.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Kuthirira alpinia kuyenera kukhala zochulukirapo, makamaka chilimwe, kusowa chinyezi kumakhudza masamba - amakhala bulauni m'mbali. Mu nthawi yophukira, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo nthawi yozizira iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi atatha kuti dothi louma litayimitsidwa.
Alpinia imafunanso mpweya wonyowa (makamaka 70%), chifukwa chake chomera chimapopera nthawi zonse. Mutha kusunga mphika mu dothi lonyowa kuti mulili bwino.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Feteleza amamuthira m'nthaka munthawi yogwira - kuyambira March mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Monga feteleza, feteleza wamba amadzimadzi munyumba ndi oyenera.
Thirani
Thirani alpinia chaka chilichonse m'miyezi yophukira. Zongokulitsa zochuluka, nthaka singasinthidwe pang'ono, koma pamwamba kokha. Dothi labwino ndi dimba lamchenga ndi peat.
Alpinia kuswana
Kufalikira kwa Alpinia kumachitika pogawa tchire ndi mbewu.
Pakupatsirana masika, gawo lirilonse la nthangala limayenera kukhala ndi impso imodzi. Magawo apangidwe ndi mpeni wakuthwa, wakuthwa, kenako ndikuthira makala ophwanyika kapena phulusa pa iwo. Mphukira zimayikidwa mumiphika yotsika komanso yotakata ndikuyikamo malo omata. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, amatha kusinthanso dzuwa.
Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu Januwale, kuzilowetsa zisanachitike tsiku limodzi m'madzi ofunda. Zomera zam'madzi gwiritsani ntchito nthaka yachonde, kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri osalola kukonzekera.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Alpinia sichitha kugwidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, koma amayankha chinyezi chosakwanira pouma masamba komanso mawonekedwe a kangaude.
Mitundu yotchuka ya mapiri
Alpinia officinalis kapena galangal (Alpinia officinarum hance) - mbewu yobiriwira, yosatha, yokhala ndi masamba opyapyala amdima, imafanana bango. Mizu yokhala ndi masamba, masamba ndi lofanana. Limamasula ndi maluwa oyera, omwe amapanga mulu pamwamba pa tsinde. Zipatsozo zimakhala ndi bokosi.
Alpinia Sanderae - Wosatha pafupifupi theka la mita, wokhala ndi masamba amizere. Maluwa ofiira ngati mulu.
Alpinia drooping (Alpinia zerumbet) - mbewuyo idatchedwa ndi dzina lachisoni chifukwa chamaluwa, omwe ndi burashi wautali atapendekera pansi. Imakula mpaka 3 m, masamba ndi ambiri ndipo amatalika. Amaluwa ndi maluwa achikasu, ofiira pakati.
Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya alpinia: Variegata Chinese Kukongola, Variegata ndi Variegata Dwarf.
- Variegata Chinese Kukongola (Kukongola kwachi China) - masamba obiriwira oyera ndi opepuka mu Mzere yoyera atapanga mawonekedwe okongola a "marble", amatha kutalika mamita awiri.
- Variegata - masamba ndi akulu kwambiri komanso osiyanasiyana, ali ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu komanso njira yofanana ya nsangalabwi.
- Variegata Dwarf ndi mbewu yochepa kwambiri kutalika, osapitirira 30 cm, yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira achikasu. Amaluwa ndi maluwa oyera.
Alpinia purpurea kapena ginger ofiira (Alpinia purpurata) - Chomera chokongoletsera bwino kwambiri chifukwa chamaluwa akuluakulu ofiira ndi oyera ngati mawonekedwe a mantha. Kutalika kwa masamba owongoka kumatha kufika 50 cm, mmera womwewo umakula kupitirira mita imodzi ndi theka.
Alpinia galanga - osatha, ofikira mita ziwiri, ali ndi mizu yoyera-yachikaso ndi masamba akulu akulu. Limamasula ndi maluwa mu bulashi wamkulu, yoyera.
Alpinia vittata (Alpinia vittata) - masamba otsika okhazikika nthawi zonse okhala ndi masamba ofupika okhala ndi masamba oyera oyera. Maluwa mumaluwa apinki.
