Tikamalankhula za maluwa midges (kapena ntchentche), nthawi zambiri timatanthawuza mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo kuchokera ku diptera ya dongosolo (Diptera), mabanja Sayansi (Sciaridae). Amatchedwanso udzudzu wa Leaf, kapena udzudzu wa Detritnitzi, kapena udzala wa Soil.
Kumbukirani. Mwachilengedwe, pali banja losiyana la ma dipterans.Amphaka (Simuliidae), yomwe, ngakhale dzina, silikugwirizana ndi ma Scyarides omwe afotokozedwawu. Kuphatikiza apo m'nkhaniyi, wolemba amagwiritsa ntchito "midge", kutanthauza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kuchokera ku banja la a Scyarid. Komanso m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, Scyarides nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "ntchentche", komabe, samayanjananso ndi Ntchentche (Musca).
Kwenikweni, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku timakumana ndi oyimira atatu a mabanja angapo a Sciarich: mtundu wa Sciar (Sayansi- - midges a science, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri, a genus Licoriel (Lycoriella- - udzudzu wa bowa ndi mtundu Bradisia (Bradysia) Kusiyanitsa pakati pa genera la scyarids kumatha kuwonekera pokhapokha kukuwonjezeka kwambiri. Njira zoyendetsera zikufanana.
Sciara - woimira wowoneka bwino wa midges
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta sciaridae, dongosolo la Diptera, banja la Sciaridae (asayansi) ndi udzudzu wawung'ono wakuda pafupifupi 1.5 mm kutalika kokhala ndi thupi lopapatiza komanso mutu wozungulira. Tizilombo timene tili ndi mapiko owonekera kokha; mapiko akumbuyo asandulizidwe kukhala cholumikizira. Ziwalo zamkamwa zikuyamwa. Zimawuluka bwino, m'malo oyenera zimatha kubereka mosiyanasiyana.
Akuluakulu ndi mizu yakuda yokhala ndi thupi lalitali pafupifupi 3-4 mm, lomwe limayikira mazira oyera, oyera otuluka mu mizu ya mbewu. Udzudzu tating'ono, tating'onoting'ono tating'ono titha kukhala pafupifupi 1.5-2 mm, timaso tambiri.
Udzudzu wokha, ukayamba, nthawi zambiri umawuluka ambiri, koma sizibweretsa zowawa, kupatula matenda omwe amatenga ndi mphutsi za tizirombo tina.
Ndipo mphutsi za msuzi wa bowa - zimayera mphutsi za kutalika kwa 3-5 mm ndi mutu wakuda - idyani mizu yazomera, zomwe zimafota, zotsalira kumbuyo, sizimatulutsa, mpaka nthawi zambiri zimafa.
Maluwa midge, kapena Sciarida. © Edithvale-AustraliaZimayambitsa ma midges pazomera zamkati
Monga lamulo, midges ifika kwa wolimayo ndi nthaka yomwe ili ndi kachilombo ka mphutsi, pomwe, pansi pazabwino, tizilombo touluka akuluakulu timasungidwa.
Ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa udzu komanso kuteteza nthaka yomwe mukubzala mbewuyo, komabe, kupezeka kwa midges yowuluka sikungakhale kogwirizana ndi zomwe mumachita.
Nthawi zambiri masentimita amakhala chizindikiro chosonyeza kuti zinthu sizili bwino m'nyumba. Mwadala, iwo anatuluka mumphika wachomera pomwepo pawindo. Monga tizilombo tambiri, midges imawulukira ndikuwala, ndiye kuti, kuwindo lotsatira lomwe akukondwera kukhalapo - kuuluka, ndipo imatha kuwuluka kuchokera kunja.
Tizilomboti timakonda kwambiri malo otentha komanso achinyezi, ndichifukwa chake zimakhala ndi chisangalalo chachikulu kuti amakhala m'malo ocheperako a nyumba zogona ndipo amatha kuchezeredwa ndi "alendo" kudzera mu ziboda, mapaipi ndi zotchingira mpweya wabwino, makamaka kuchimbudzi. Pambuyo pofika m'nyumba ya maluwa, midges imatha kuzika mizu, kuyikira mazira panthaka ya chomera chamadzi chomwe chathiridwa madzi kale ndikuipatsira ndi mphutsi.
Scyarida (Sciaridae), kapena udzudzu wa Leaf, kapena Detritica, kapena udzudzu wa Soil, kapena maluwa midge. © Edithvale-AustraliaNgakhale ma sciarides amatha kumangidwa mu zinyalala za chakudya (zipatso zowonongeka, ndiwo zamasamba) mumkhomo, kumangokhala m'masamba azizira nthawi yachisanu (mbatata, anyezi). Ngati ali ndi "mwayi", akhoza kupeza nyumba pamalo osayembekezeka, ngati mungakolole kwinakwake koma osasiyidwa, mwachitsanzo, apulo (kapena maziko ake, omwe ndi oyipa kwambiri). Apa, kukonza umagwirira wa mitundu yanu sikungathandize, ndikofunikira kupeza ndipo mwina kuthetsa gwero.
Zizindikiro zakunja za kuwonongeka kwa scyaride
Tizilombo tating'ono tambiri touluka timatuluka m'chipindacho, touluka chifukwa cha maluwa. Komabe, kukhalapo kwa anthu owuluka sikutanthauza kuti pali mphutsi m'nthaka zomwe zimavulaza mbewuyo (mphutsi kale ndi vuto).
Ziphuphu za midges nthawi zambiri zimawoneka nthawi yomweyo ngati mumakumba dothi laling'ono. Dothi lenilenilo limaphwanyika, pamalo owuma limawoneka ngati mchenga wosasinthasintha. Chomera chodwala sichikuwoneka bwino, chimasiya kukula.
Njira zopewera
Ngati ma psycharid kapena maluwa midges apeza malo abwino okhala mnyumbamo, zimakhala zovuta kuzichotsa. Chifukwa chake, zidzakhala zofunikira kudziwa "zokonda" za tizilombo izi ndikuyesetsa kutenga njira zodzitetezera kutsutsana ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi kubereka.
Lamulo lalikulu ndikupewa kufukiza dothi m'miphika.
Maluwa apakatikati. © Bonnie OttNgati mumakonda kudzaza mbeu zanu, ndiye kuti sinthani kuthirira: kuthilira kwa nthaka mu miphika kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zithandizire kufalikira kwa ma sayansi. Osamwetsiranso chomera ngati dothi lomwe lili pamwamba pa mphikalali lisaume! Ngati mwathirira chomera kwambiri, chotsani madzi owonjezerawo kuchokera poto ndikuumiratu dothi lomwelo mpaka kuthiranso.
Tizilombo tikawoneka, ndikofunikira kupewa kuti zisaberekenso komanso kufalikira.
Tizilombo tambiri touluka tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayikidwa mazira, pomwe timibulu tambiri tomwe timakhala m'nthaka timaswedwa. Ngati dothi lili louma, zomangirazo zitha kufa, ndiye kuti kusunga dothi louma ndi lothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi ma scyarides. Pukuta pamwamba pamtunda pafupipafupi (mumiphika yayikulu-yayikulu 1-2 cm, yayikulu - mpaka 3-4 masentimita.
Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito ngalande yapamwamba: dzazani pansi panthaka ndi dongo labwino kwambiri, dothi labwino kwambiri kapena mchenga wowuma. Mukathirira, danga loterolo limakhala louma ndipo limalepheretsa tizilombo kuikira mazira.
Asayansi, monga tizilombo tonse, amaberekanso mosavuta komanso mwachangu - pamene mbalame zoyamba kuwonekera zikuwoneka, zimayesetsa kuzichotsa.
Chotsani mwachangu mbali zakufa zazomera (masamba owoneka, maluwa, malo mobisika) zotsalira mumphika. Yang'anirani malo omwe muli zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri m'nyumba ndi zinyalala zanu, yeretsani ndi kutaya chilichonse chomwe chingakhale nyumba ndi chakudya cha masyandi munthawi yake.
Gwiritsani ntchito magawo omwe simunagwiritsepo mbeu yanu.
Scyarida (Sciaridae), kapena udzudzu wa Leaf, kapena Detritica, kapena udzudzu wa Soil, kapena maluwa midge. © Geir OersnesNdibwino ngati dothi lingakhale ndi "zopanda pake" zokhala ma midges: ma pearse fiber peat, singano, makungwa, malasha, coconut fiber. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mapangidwe dothi liyenera kusankhidwa choyamba malinga ndi zofunikira za mbeu, osati midges.
Ngati mulibe chitsimikizo pakuyera, duleni ndi madzi ndikuwumitsa kwa masiku osachepera (chilimwe mufiriji, nthawi yozizira mumsewu kapena khonde). Ndi bwino kusunganso dothi lomwe lakonzedwa kuti lidzagwiritsidwe ntchito pa khonde nthawi yozizira, ndikuigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yophukira. Kukuzizira kwa nthawi yayitali ndi njira yabwino yothandizira tizirombo tambiri.
Osagwiritsa ntchito mosavuta kuwola kwa zinthu zachilengedwe (masamba a tiyi, khofi, mafupa a nsomba, masamba a mitengo, "madzi" madzi, mkaka, kefir) monga feteleza - ndikuwola kwina mumphika, malo abwino amapangidwira kukula kwachangu ndi kubereka mphutsi za sciaridae.
Osaloleza kusayenda kwa madzi mumphika, apo ayi mizu singavunde. Ngati mizu yovunda, chitani kanthu kena: chomeracho chimayenera kuchotsedwa mumphika, kutsuka bwino bwino mizu m'madzi othamanga, kudula mbali zonse zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka ndi mpeni woyera, pukutsani mbewuzo ndi mizu yayikulu kapena yamphepete ndikuchita ndi makala kapena makala osalala. Kenako ikani chomera mu dothi lonyowa pang'ono ndi madzi pang'ono momwe mungathere. Chomera chokhala ndi mizu yothina ndibwinobwino kuti tisamamwe madzi konse: mizu yofowoka yowonongeka ndi mphutsi za scyarides sizitha kudziteteza ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Scyarida (Sciaridae), kapena udzudzu wa Leaf, kapena Detritica, kapena udzudzu wa Soil, kapena maluwa midge. © Mike GordonChapakatikati, musanafese mbewu, ndikofunikira kuchita njira zingapo zodzitetezera popewa kuoneka ngati udzudzu wa bowa m'nyumba mwanu. Mphutsi za sciaridae zimavulaza kwambiri mbewu zokhala ndi mbewu ndi mbande zazing'ono.
Njira zolimbana ndi midges pazomera zamkati
Njira zingapo zoyesedwa kuti ziwonongeke zamtundu uliwonse wa ma sayansi (maluwa midges).
Sikoyenera kuchita zonse zomwe mukufuna - sankhani kuchuluka kwa zomwe zawonongeka ku zosunga zanu ndikusankha zomwe mukufuna.
Ndikofunikira: Yenderani ndi vutoli mosamala komanso molondola. Ngati mumenya nkhondo ndi mphutsi zokha kapena udzudzu wouluka, palibe nzeru. Kuyambitsa "nkhondo", yesani kusalanda wina chidwi chanu, ndiye kuti mwachita bwino.
Dziwani komwe angabwerere kwa inu ndi momwe mungayang'anire malo onse omwe mungakhalepo udzudzu. Chotsani zinyalala zonse zakudyazo ndi zinthu zina zakufa pazomera.
Ngati udzudzu wanu ukuwuluka kwa inu kuchokera pachipinda chanyumbacho pogwiritsa ntchito ma waya, mapaipi ndi mipendero ya mpweya, mumakhala wopanda chiyembekezo. Kuthana ndi chinyontho mu chipinda chapansi ndizosatheka, chifukwa udzudzu, mwatsoka, udzakhala alendo anu okhazikika.
Ikani mauna abwino pa mpweya wabwino, kudzera pazitseko zomwe udzudzu sutha kulowa mu nyumbayo.
Yang'anani dothi mumphika - ngati ali ndi vuto la mphutsi, lisintheni kukhala lina losakanikirana ndi dothi labwino.
Maluwa midge. © Geir OersnesYang'anani mizu yazomera: ngati pali chizindikiro cha kuzika mizu, chitapo kanthu.
Sungani mbewu zonse m'chipinda chimodzi. Iyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, ndipo ndi bwino kukhala ndi hood yabwino.
Chitani nyumbayo ndi imodzi mwa zoletsa-kuthana ndi tizilombo ngati mawonekedwe a aerosol, monga Raptor, Raid, Neo-Dichlorvos. Onetsetsani kuti kulibe chakudya, ziwiya, zinthu zina zosamalira odwala, ndi zina zotere.
Onaninso matayala ndi zenera zomwe mbewuzo zayimilira kuti kupewa kubwezera "zomwe zatsala. Kumbukirani kuyeretsa malo onse ndi sopo ndi madzi ndikutsuka kangapo ndi madzi oyera.
Kuchokera pamankhwala, mankhwala aliwonse omwe akupezeka ndi oyenera: Agravertin, Aktara, Inta-virus, Fitoverm, Actellik, Kinmiks, Karbofos. Chepetsa njira yogwira ntchito molingana ndi malangizo ndikutaya dothi mumphika kawiri ndi masiku 7. Pambuyo pochotsa dothi poyeserera tizilombo, simungathe kuthirira mbewu kwa masiku osachepera atatu mpaka asanu, kuti musafooketse mphamvu ya mankhwalawa pochepetsa kutsekeka kwake ndikutsuka kwa nthaka.
Tizilombo tina tachilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, Bazudin, Thunder-2, Pochin, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera ku mphutsi zapansi. Miphika yomwe ili ndi mphutsi za sciaridae, chotsani dothi lakumtunda (pafupifupi 3 cm) ndikusintha ndi zosakaniza: nthaka yatsopano yopumira komanso magawo angapo a Bazudin. Kapena mungowaza ma granules pansi pamatope osokonekera ndikusakaniza pang'ono ndi wosanjikiza wapamwamba. Mukathirira, mankhwalawo amasungunuka ndikulowa m'magawo ozama, ndikupha mphutsi zomwe zimakhala kumeneko. Komabe, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotere ngati pali ochepa omwe ali ndi kachilombo, apo ayi zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti ayike ndikusakaniza mankhwalawo mumphika uliwonse.
Zisiyeni kwa kanthawi, makamaka usiku wonse. Tsekani chitseko mwamphamvu ndikutuluka m'chipindacho. M'mawa, mutha kusamutsa mbewu kumadera awo.
Mchipinda chomwe mudakonza, tsegulani mawindo kapena tsegulirani hoodyo kwa nthawi yayitali. Sonkhanitsani "matupi" a omwe akuyimira chiwonetserochi chomwe chagwera munkhondo yolingana, ndikuyeretsa malowa.
Maluwa midges pa msampha womata. © BigBigJerkPali njira zingapo zothanirana ndi midges yowuluka.
Chotsuka.
Chitirani chipinda pokonzekera kuthana ndi tizilombo touluka mu mawonekedwe a aerosol ("Raid", "Neo-dichlorvos", ndi zina).
Gwiritsani ntchito tchuthi chapadera chomatira kwa ntchentche, yopendekera pafupi ndi mbewu. Malangizo - onjezani misampha yomata ku chilimwe: palibe misampha m'misika yozizira!
Gwiritsani ntchito "tepi yomatira" monga njira yomaliza: ikani zingwe zazing'ono ndi zomatira kumbali, pafupi kapena pamapoto.
Tsekani mawindo ndikuyatsa fumigator imodzi kapena zingapo kwa nthawi yayitali (kutengera kukula kwa chipindacho ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu), ndikuziyikani pafupi kwambiri ku tsango la mbewu. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbale za opanga osiyanasiyana ("Raptor", "Raid", "Fumitox", ndi zina), chinthu chachikulu ndikuzisintha pafupipafupi, pafupifupi maola 1.5 - 2 aliwonse.
Njira yosagwirizana: kupeza ma Nepentes - chomera chosavulaza chomwe tsopano chimatha kupezeka m'misika yamaluwa. Amaganiziridwa kuti "idya" masentimita onse. Mwakutero, "alipo," ndiye adzakhala nawo, koma osati onse, koma okhawo omwe akufuna kulowa mu jug yake. Kuphatikiza apo, a Nepentes palokha siosavuta kuti azikhala mchipinda.
Thirani choko chophwanyika "Mashenka" (kuchokera kumapeto) kapena ndikoka zigawo pamwamba pamiphika.
Phimbani mbewuzo ndi masamba apamwamba a malalanje, zidutswa za adyo, nthambi za lubani, kuwaza ndi katsabola, ndi kuphika mapoto ndi mafuta a anise. Zonsezi pamwambapa zimayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi. Njirayi ndi yothandiza ngati tizilombo tambiri tikuwulukirani mwangozi ndipo sanakhale ndi nthawi yoti tizizolowere, koma, mwatsoka, mphindi iyi ndizovuta kwambiri kuzindikira (i.e.).
Sciarida kapena maluwa midge. © M SZithandizo za Folk za midges pazomera zamkati
Kulowetsedwa kwa fodya kapena shag - 40 gr. fodya wowuma tsitsani 1 lita. madzi kwa masiku awiri, kenako sefa ndikuwonjezera malita awiri. Madzi. Kumwaza kumachitika nthawi 4-5 tsiku lililonse.
Yankho la sopo - 20-40 g wa sopo shavings amasungunuka 1 lita. madzi. Kumwaza kumachitika nthawi 4-5 tsiku lililonse.
Kuwononga (kuletsa) dzira kugona ndi tizilombo, tikulimbikitsidwa:
Sinthani dothi lonyowa mumphika (pafupifupi 3 cm) ndi looser, youma komanso chosawilitsidwa.
Pukuta topsoil (mumphika wautali 1-2 cm, mu zokulirapo - mpaka 3-4 cm). Komabe, kumbukirani: sizomera zonse zomwe zimatha kupirira chilala! Ndipo mphutsi za ma sciarids zimatha "kugona" kwa nthawi yayitali m'nthaka youma, motero zimasowa kwakanthawi. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino popewa kupewa.
Gwiritsani ntchito ngalande zapamwamba: dzazani dothi mumphika ndi dongo labwino kwambiri, miyala kapena miyala yotalika mpaka 2 cm. Danga loterolo limakhala louma mutathirira komanso limapangitsa kuti tizilombo titha kuyikira mazira, ndipo mizu ya mbewuyo singavutike kuyanika. Mutha kuthanso dothi ndi pepala lozungulira kudula chimodzimodzi kukula kwa mphikawo.
Kuchita bwino kungachitike pothira dothi mumiphika kangapo ndi njira yofiyira ya pinki ya potaziyamu.
Kodi mumatani ndi tizilombo?
