Munda womwe dahlias pachimake nthawi zonse umawoneka wokongola komanso wokongola. Maluwa okongola sataya kukongola kwawo mpaka kumapeto kwenikweni kwa nthawi yophukira. Komabe, si ambiri olima m'maluwa omwe amalima dahlias, popeza sazindikira luso la kukula kwa dahlias kuchokera ku ma tubers ndikusunga kwawo.
Zambiri za kukula kwa dahlias kuchokera ku ma tubers
Choyambirira choyamba chofunitsitsa kukula kwa dahlias ndikusungidwa kwa ma tubers. Wamaluwa nthawi zonse amakayikira kuti athe kupanga zonse zofunikira pakusunga tubers mpaka nthawi yamasika. Amakhulupirira kuti angathe kugula mosavuta ma tubers m'masitolo, omwe mtengo wake umakhala wotsika.
Mwakutero, m'maiko onse aku Europe amachita izi. Olima minda yakunja sasunga mizu m'nyengo yozizira. Ndi isanayambike yophukira, amakumba ma tubers ndikuwataya. Ndi masika a masika, iwo pezani dahlias yatsopano, kulima ndi kusamalira, zomwe zimachitika nthawi zonse.
M'dziko lathu sachita izi. Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, dahlias amakimbidwa mosamala, ndikuyika mu bokosi lotsekeka bwino, ndiye kuti timazirazi timakonkhedwa ndi utuchi. Maluwa a maluwa amasungidwa kwambiri m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba.
Ndi isanayambike masika, ma tubers a maluwa awa amachotsedwa m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba ndikuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Zowola zitha kuchotsedwa ndikudula ndi mpeni wakuthwa. Mabala ang'onoang'ono amatha kuwaza ndi phulusa.
Funso loyamba lomwe wamaluwa amasamala nthawi zonse ndi momwe angakulire dahlias kuchokera ku ma tubers, muyenera liti kuyamba maluwa? Mitundu yoyambirira imatha "kudzuka" kumapeto kwa Marichi. Pambuyo pake mitundu imabzalidwa mwachindunji panthaka.
Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala kutenthetsa bwinopomwe chisanu sichikuyembekezeredwanso. Izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi.
Mukamagula tubers za dahlia m'sitolo, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti aliyense wa iwo ali ndi "maso" amoyo omwe amapereka mphukira. Mizu ya Dahlia imagulitsidwa ndi kulemera, mosasamala kuchuluka kwa zophukira. Nthawi zambiri m'matumba okongola mumatha kupeza tubers zakufa, zinyalala zamitundu yonse ndi zowuma.
Pankhaniyi, muyenera chabwino kuganizira za muzu. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti khosi limakhala ndi masamba obiriwira omwe posachedwa ayamba kukula.
Momwe mungakulire dahlias
Mizere yayikulu iyenera kugawidwa m'magawo angapo. Izi zikapanda kuchitidwa, zomwe zimayambira zikuyamba kusokoneza wina ndi mnzake.
Mosakayikira, tchire limakula kwambiri, koma maluwawo amakhala ocheperako komanso osawoneka bwino.
Ophunzitsidwa tubers wobzala m'miphika. Dothi la dahlias likhoza kukhala:
- Mchenga wosakanizika ndi utuchi.
- Gawo lokokonati.
- Kusakaniza kwa peat ndi mchenga.
Kuti mukule bwino, ndikofunikira kumunyowetsa nthaka ndi madzi. Tizilombo timabzalidwa kuti khosi lokhala ndi impso lisakuyike m'manda.
Tuber kumera mu milungu ingapo. Impso zimadzuka, mphukira zobiriwira zimawonekera. Kutalika kwamera kukafika mpaka 15 cm, kuloledwa kuyamba kudula.
Mphukira, yomwe imakhala ndi ma infode angapo, imadulidwa ndikumizidwa m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri, madontho angapo othandizira kukula amawonjezeredwa kwa icho. Wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito epin pamenepa.
Tuber, yodulidwa yodulidwa, idzadzuka "peephole" lina, kuwombera kwatsopano. Wodula pafupipafupi, mutha kupeza ma dahlias opitilira 30 kuchokera ku tuber imodzi.
Ngati pali maso awiri pa tuber yokhala ndi phesi lodulidwa, komanso ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo awiri. Aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi diso limodzi.
Pambuyo pa ntchito zonse, mizu yophukira, kudula mizu yobzalidwa pansi. Mukabzala, khosi la dahlia liyenera kukhala ndi kupendekera pang'ono kuti lipume mosavuta.
Kuti zitheke, chitsime chilichonse chimayenera kukhala mtengo wochepa, komwe pambuyo pake kudzakhala kotheka chitsamba. Inde, mtengo ukhoza kukhazikitsidwa m'chilimwe, koma pali mwayi wovulaza ndi dahlia rhizome. M'nyengo yozizira, imangoyambira.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Ngati mukukonzekera kuyamba kulima dahlias, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyamba kuganizira za kuwabzala ndi nthawi yophukira. Ndikofunikira kukumba dothi pasadakhale. Imafunika kuthira manyowa ndi manyowa aminda kapena manyowa.
Ndi kumayambiriro kwa masika, dothi liyenera kumasulidwa ndi pitchfork ndipo kuwonjezera chakudya chamfupa. Sizoletsedwa kubzala dahlias ngati mbewu zomwe zimayambukiridwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus zikamera m'nthaka. Kuti titeteze ma tubers a dahlia, nthaka yake imafunikira kuthira manyowa ndi ma granular tizirombo.
Dzenje. Kukula kwa recess kumatengera kukula kwa tuber. Kuphatikiza apo, malo omwe feteleza amathandizidwanso. Bowo lizikhala ndi zotsatirazi:
- kuya - 25-30 cm;
- m'mimba mwake - 30-35 cm.
Dzenje lobzala limathiridwa ndimadzi ndipo feteleza amawonjezeredwa. Payenera kukhala mtunda wosachepera 50 cm pakati pa maenje.
Kubzala Dahlias
Ma tubers a Dahlia amawopa ngakhale chisanu chaching'ono. Nthawi zambiri, chisanu chimatha kwathunthu ndi kuyamba kwa Meyi. Chifukwa chake, dahlias amabzala bwino kumapeto kwa mwezi. Inde, mawu awa amadalira kwambiri nyengo ya malo ena ake.
Mutha kubzala dahlias m'mbuyomu, koma ndi kuzizira kulikonse, kuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zinthu zina.
Kusamalira dahlias ndikofunikira
Kuti maluwa akhale okhazikika pansi pamphepo yamphamvu, ndikofunikira kupanga baka. Maluwa akayamba kukula, kuti mupeze inflorescence yowala komanso yayikulu, muyenera kudula mphukira zokulira.
Mabasi omwe afika kutalika kwakukulu, onetsetsani kuti womangidwa pamtengokuti mphepo yamphamvu isaswe tsinde. Kusamalira maluwa koyenera kumakhala ndi zochitika zingapo.
Kuti maluwa akule bwino komanso maluwa opindika, maluwa ayenera kukhala ndi:
- Nthaka yachonde.
- Dzuwa
- Madzi ambiri.
Kukula dahlia pamafunika kuthirira kosalekeza. Madzi ayenera kunyowetsa dothi lakuya masentimita oposa 25. Mukathira madzi, duwa limatha kudwala ndikufa. Chifukwa chake ndi chophweka, chinyezi chachikulu, mdani wa mizu ya dahlia.
Feteleza ndi umuna
Chomera chikayamba kukula, ndikofunikira kudyetsa kamodzi masabata awiri. Dahlias amathiriridwa ndi slurry.
Masamba akapezeka, nthaka imadyetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo superphosphate ndi potaziyamu. Kwa malita khumi amadzi, magalamu 30 a feteleza ndiokwanira.
Ngati feteleza adakuwonjezerani kale dothi musanadzale dahlias, mutha kudumphira mavalidwe apamwamba. Kukula kwa chomera kukuuzani ngati kudyetsa kowonjezereka kuyenera kuchitidwa.
Garter ndi maluwa othandizira
Dahlias amasiyanitsidwa ndi thunthu lopanda kanthu komanso losalimba. Imasweka mosavuta ndi mphepo yamphamvu, ngakhale mitsuko yamvula imatha kuthyola. Chifukwa chaichi, duwa ndikofunikira kumangiriza. Zinthu zilizonse zimatha kukhala thandizo:
- Zikhomo zamatanda.
- Chitoliro chachitsulo.
- Arches.
- Makoma a veranda.
- Mipanda yamatabwa.
Wovala zovala ayenera kuchitidwa duwa lisanayambe kukula.
Kudula ndi kupanga chitsamba. Kuti masamba akhale akulu komanso okongola, mphukira zitatu zokha ndizokwanira. Aliyense peduncle ayenera zigawo 2 masamba. Maluwa onse otulutsa maluwa ayenera kudulidwa ndi lumo m'munda, apo ayi padzakhala chopinga cha kukula kwa inflorescence yatsopano.
Kukula mitundu yayikulu ya dahlias, kumafuna maluwa, kuchotsedwa kwa mphukira zotsogola ndi zam'munsi. Ngati mbewuyo ndi yopanda pake, kuti ipange kukongola, mphukira singadulidwe.
Momwe mungasungire dahlias nthawi yachisanu
Nthawi zambiri tubers kusungidwa m'bokosipomwe amawaza ndi utuchi kapena gawo lamchenga. Ndikofunika kusunga dahlias powakonkha ndi phulusa. Kuteteza tubers kuchokera kumachitika matenda osiyanasiyana. Tubers ifunika kumera mchenga. Pasakhale malo opanda kanthu m'bokosi.
Kuteteza tubers kuti isayime nthawi yozizira, ikhoza kusungidwa m'matumba opangidwa ndi filimu ya pulasitiki. Pankhaniyi, tuber ndi filimuyo ziyenera kupatulidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa utuchi kapena mchenga. Izi ndizofunikira, chifukwa nthawi yosungirako, ma tubers amatulutsa chinyezi chochepa. Amakhala mufilimu, tubers amayamba kuvunda.
Kusunga ma tubers mu thumba la pulasitiki kumafunika kuwunikira nthawi zonse gawo lapansi. Ndi chinyezi chake chokwera, mapaketi ayenera kutsegulidwa ndipo phunzirani bwino zomwe zili mkati. Ngati gawo louma kwambiri, liyenera kupukutidwa pang'ono.
Ngati dera lozungulira likupezeka pa tuber, liyenera kudulidwa. Finyani malo odulidwa ndi malasha, ophwanyidwa kukhala ufa. Tibuluzi timatsalira mlengalenga kwa maola 24 kuti ziume. Kenako imayikidwanso mu thumba la pulasitiki.
Mukatsatira malamulo onse omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa ndikutsatira ukadaulo, ndiye kuti kukula kwa dahlias kudzakhala ponseponse, ndipo chisamaliro chabwino cha maluwa chimakupatsani mwayi wokongoletsa dimba lanu ndi maluwa okongola, okondweretsa m'maso pamaso chisanu.
