Masamba a maluwa okongola osatha ndipo mosakayikira adzakhala chokongoletsera cha dimba lanu. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti maluwa a peony ndi otchuka kwambiri pakati pa olima, chifukwa ndi osasamala mu chisamaliro ndi kulima, ndipo ndi maluwa awo okongola amakondweretsani kwa zaka 15-20. Peonies amakula pamalo amodzi kwa zaka zambiri ndipo safuna kupatsirana.
Momwe timasamalira peonies zimakhudza mwachindunji maluwa awo, nthawi ya moyo wawo komanso zokongoletsera zawo. Kusamalira peony kumaphatikizapo kulimira, kumasula nthaka ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse. Peony imazika bwino panthaka yabwino. Dothi lolemera limafunikira kulimidwa kwakuya (50-60 cm), lotsatiridwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga, kompositi, peat ndi humus. Peonies ikufunika pang'ono pang'ono mthunzi, koma ambiri, malowa ayenera kukhala dzuwa, popanda dothi lamadzi - chinyezi chochulukirapo chimavulaza peony.
Peonies amafalitsidwa makamaka ndi mbande za zosiyanasiyana. Iyenera kutsimikizika m'malo ena, popeza mmera sakonda kuziika - zitha kusiya kubereka kwa zaka zingapo. Kuika maluwa kumafuna kulekanitsa ma rhizomes, koma osati kale kuposa zaka 10-15. Peony ndi chomera chosalimba, motero njira zonse zimachitidwa molondola momwe mungathere.
Kubzala peonies
Peonies iyenera kubzalidwa kapena kuikiratu m'dzinja. Kubzala kumachitika bwino kumapeto kwa Ogasiti kapena kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi nthawi yozika mizu kuzizira. Nthawi zina ankafika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Ndipo pokhapokha zaka 5 mutha kugawa tchire.
Dzenje lobzala liyenera kukhala lakuya masentimita 80 (mulitali kupitirira mita), mulifupi - masentimita 70, popeza peony ndi mizu yake limalowa kwambiri pansi ndipo limafalikira mwachangu. Kukwaniritsidwa kwa zinthu zotere kumapangitsa kuti mbewu zikule kwa nthawi yayitali. Pankhani kubzala pamunda wa tchire zingapo, kusiyana pakati pa chilichonse kuyenera kukhala mita imodzi. Dzenje lokonzedwerali limadzaza ndi kompositi - zisa zoposa 3 za mafinya, phulusa la nkhuni ndi superphosphate - 500 g, laimu - mpaka 100 g. Osakaniza amasakanikirana bwino ndi dziko lapansi kuchokera kudzenje. Masamba, mutabzala, azikhala pamtunda.
Manyowa aikidwa pansi pa dzenjelo, mpira wake wokulirapo ndi masentimita 10. Kenako chilichonse chimakutidwa ndi wosanjikiza 20 cm, ndiye gawo logwirizanitsa limatsatira. Kenako muyenera kuwaza dothi lokonzedwalo ndi mulu ndikuwathira madzi mosamala kuti chilichonse chikhale chophatikizika. Chitsamba chimayikidwa pakati pa mtunda kuti masamba ali pamlingo womwewo ndi m'mphepete mwa dzenjelo. Mizu iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dothi, ndikudzaza zonse zopanda pake. Mutabzala, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa.
Ngati chitsamba cha peony chatsika ndipo masamba ali m'munsi mwa fossa, ndikofunikira kukoka mbewuyo mosamala, ndikuwaza ndi lapansi. Mulu waung'ono umapangidwa pamwamba pa chomera. Ndikofunikira kuti masamba ake asakuzidwe ndi masentimita oposa 2, chifukwa ngati abzalidwe kwambiri, masamba a peonies sangathenso kwakanthawi, koma zimachitika kuti sadzaphuka konse. M'nyengo yozizira, nthaka ikayamba kuzizira, mbewu zobzalidwa ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi masamba owuma. Pakatikati, masamba owuma ndi nthambi zimatsukidwa bwino kuti zisawononge mphukira zazing'ono.
Zambiri podzala peonies
Kusamalira Peony: Kukula, Kudulira
M'chilimwe choyamba, mutabzala, masamba amachotsedwa ku peonies kuti maluwa asafooketse zitsamba zopanda mphamvu. M'chaka chachiwiri, maluwa nawonso amachotsedwa. Kuti duwa likhale lalikulu, kudula masamba omwe ali m'mphepete mwachangu. Mukadula maluwa, mphukira ndi masamba 4 zimasiyidwa, apo ayi maluwa a peonies chaka chamawa amakhala ofooka kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira m'chilimwe kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi pang'ono, makamaka mchaka choyamba mutabzala. Feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito zaka 2 zokha mutabzala. Yophukira kapena koyambilira kwa masika ndioyenera kukonkha tchire ndi ndowa ya kompositi. Mu nthawi yakula, akulangizidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito feteleza wamafuta ambiri (100 g pa mita imodzi).
Kufalitsa kwa peony
Peonies ikhoza kufalikira mwachangu osati pogawa mbande zokha, komanso njira zina. Chapakatikati, matalala atasungunuka, masamba opatsanso mphamvu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubala, amapezeka pafupi ndi muzu. Ndikofunikira kupatutsa impso pansi, kuzidula pamodzi ndi achinyamata odzipereka mizu ndi gawo la phesi. Ndi hafu yokha ya impso zonse yomwe imadulidwa. Dulani impso obzalidwa osakaniza wokonzeka - mchenga, humus, turf nthaka. Pamwamba pa impso pazikhala pamunsi.
Kukhazikika kwazomera za tchire: chinyezi cha mpweya - 80-90%, kutentha - madigiri 18-20. Mizu imatha masiku 40. Zodulidwa impso zimakhazikikanso bwino, zomwe zimadulidwa kumapeto kwa Julayi - kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti. Impso zimadulidwa ndi gawo laling'ono la muzu (kuyambira 3 mpaka 5 cm). Kenako m'munsi mwa chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi dothi latsopano. Chitsamba chamaluwa chamaluwa chodzaza ndi maluwa chimapangidwa mopitilira zaka 3-4.
Ngati kufalitsa kumachitika ndi kuyala, ndiye kuti zimayambira kale zimaperekedwa ndi yankho lomwe limaphatikizapo peat, dothi labwino ndi mchenga. Chogudubuzacho chizikhala chokulirapo 30 cm masentimita. Njira zotere zimachitika mchaka. Mutha kuyika bokosi pachitsamba chopanda popanda pansi, kukula kwake ndi masentimita 50x50x35. Tsinde likayamba kukula, liyenera kudzazidwa ndi osakaniza pamene limakula. Iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono nthawi zonse. Pamapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, timitengo tokhazikika timadulidwira pafupi ndi nthaka ndikufesedwa mosiyana.
Komabe gwiritsani ntchito tsinde. Ayenera kukonzekera nyengo isanayambike (kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambira kwa June). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera pakatikati pa mphukira, kuti phesi lililonse limakhala ndi ma infode awiri. Masamba amtunda wapamwamba amadulidwa mpaka gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika, ndipo masamba otsika amawadula kwathunthu. Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa m'bokosi lomwe limadzazidwa ndi mchenga wosambitsidwa kale. Kubzala mozama - kuchokera pa 2,5 mpaka 3,5 cm. Kwa masiku 14, zodulidwazo ziyenera kukhala pamthunzi, kupuma komanso kusungidwa kwambiri. Monga lamulo, hafu yokha ya odulidwa imalimbitsidwa.
Mukamagawa tchire zazikulu, nthawi zonse pamakhala ma Rhizomes osweka popanda masamba. Koma pali masamba ogona, kuti mizu yosweka sikufunika kutayidwa. Madera owonongeka amadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, mizu imadulidwa mzidutswa, iliyonse kutalika kwa 6-7 cm. Magawo odukizidwawo amakhala ndi makala, amawuma ndikubzala mpaka pakuya. Kutambalala kumayenera kukhala konyowa. Mizu ina imaphuka mchaka chachiwiri.
Peonies amathanso kufalikira ndi mbewu. Kubzala kumachitika nthawi zambiri m'dzinja. Pazifukwa izi, gwiritsani ntchito chipinda kapena bokosi lomwe limakhala ndi mchenga, womwe umakhala wowonjezera kutentha. Ulamuliro wazotentha pazopezekazo ndi + 15-20 degrees. Pambuyo pa masiku 35 mpaka 40, pomwe mizu yoyamba imawonekera, chidebe chomwe chili ndi njere zofesedwa chimayenera kusamutsidwa komwe sichidutsa kutentha kwa 1-5. Ngakhale mizu itha kuyikidwa mu chisanu mwachangu, ndipo patatha milungu iwiri ndikuikidwanso m'malo obzala kutentha, komwe posachedwa mphukira zoyambirira zidzaonekera. Mchenga uyenera kusungidwa nthawi zonse. Mutha kubzala mwachindunji panthaka mutayamba kucha. M'mwezi wa Meyi, mbewuyo imamera. Njira iyi imamera m'mbewu zochepa, mosiyana ndi njira yoyamba. Peonies pachimake mu wachinayi, kapena ngakhale wachisanu mutabzala.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta peonies
Ambiri wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amafunsa funso kuti: bwanji peonies siyimatulutsa? Zifukwa zake ndizosiyana kwambiri: chitsamba chakale, duwa labzalidwa kwambiri, kufunikira kwa kutulutsa, chitsamba chaching'ono sichoyambira kuphuka, dothi limakhala acidic kwambiri kapena kuphatikiza umuna, dothi limakhala louma, masamba atayamba kugwa nthawi yozizira, duwa lidavulala nthawi yachisanu ikadzala, mbewu idadwala.
Matenda ofala kwambiri ndi imvi. Zimathandizira mvula, mphepo, kutentha, nyengo yonyowa, nyerere mu masamba. Chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa ndikuwoneka mwadzidzidzi kwa zimayambira. Pogonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi zowola imvi, tchire limangogwa. Kuti mupewe mavuto, muyenera kutsatira sayansi yolondola yaulimi. Maluwa amadwala amayenera kuthiriridwa masika, ndikuthira manyowa ndi ma organic fungicide pakukulira. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuwaza phulusa lamatabwa mozungulira peonies, pafupifupi 200 magalamu pa lalikulu mita.
