M'banja la nightshade, lomwe limaphatikizapo tomato ndi mbatata, pali chomera chachilendo kwambiri chotchedwa physalis. Kwa ambiri, chikhalidwe ichi sichikudziwika ndipo chimakumbutsa ambiri mayina a zipatso zina zosowa. M'malo mwake, physalis imamera kuthengo, komanso ngati chomera cholimidwa. Pakati pa mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana, pali mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera ndi mitundu yazipatso yomwe imakhala yosinthika. Zipatso za thupi zimatha kugwirira ntchito.
Physalis adawonekera pagawo la Russia kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, ndipo chomera chidabwera ku Europe ndi Asia kuchokera kumayiko a South ndi Central America, omwe amawaganizira kuti ndi kwawo. Mwa njira, kunyumba, physalis sanasangalale ndi kutchuka monga chikhalidwe chokhala ndi zipatso zabwino komanso zopatsa thanzi, kwa nthawi yayitali aliyense adakuwona ngati udzu wamba.
Mawonedwe Otchuka
Zodzikongoletsera zamagulu - Maonekedwe osatha ndi zipatso zokongoletsa zowawa, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi zipatso za Cherry kapena tomato. Pa maluwa, zitsamba zimawoneka zokongoletsedwa ndi nyali zachikaso, lalanje kapena maluwa ofiira. Mtunduwu umatha kukhala wokongoletsa weniweni m'munda kapena dimba la maluwa kwa zaka zambiri. Ndikofunika kuti muchepetse mbewu m'nthawi kuti zisakhale m'gawo lonse la dimba.
Zanyama Zanyama - Izi ndi zachilengedwe zomwe zimakula msanga pachaka, zomwe zimabweretsa zipatso zambiri zamankhwala zabwino kwambiri zofunikira. Zomera zopanda ulemu izi zimalekerera chisanu chambiri, zimatha kufalitsa podzibyala. Zipatso zokhala ndi mawonekedwe okwanira azisamba zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Amalawa kwambiri m'mawonekedwe ndi mchere, komanso zokometsera komanso masisuzi osiyanasiyana.
Strawberry Physalis - Ichi ndi mbewu yotentha pachaka, yomwe nthawi yogwira maluwa imafanana ndi zitsamba zokulira. Zipatso zofiirira zofiira ngati mawonekedwe akulu akulu a mabulosi zimawoneka zabwino motsutsana ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Maluwa atatha, mbewuzo zimasiyidwa ndi zipatso zazing'onozing'ono zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi kukoma. Amatha kudyedwa mwatsopano, kowuma, kowundana ndi kuwiritsa. Marmalade, jamu kapena jamu ya physalis ili ndi kakomedwe kabwino komanso kosiyana ndipo ndi koyenera kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Posadziwa zinsinsi zonse zobzala mbewuyi, wamaluwa akuzengereza kuyibzala m'minda yawo. Koma kwenikweni, mantha awa ndi achabechabe, popeza ma pilati samayambitsa mavuto, sizovuta kuti aziwasamalira ndipo sizitenga nthawi yayitali. Mukalimbikira pang'ono, mutha kupeza zipatso zambiri zabwino.
Ndikukonzekera bwino kubzala ndi kukula kwa sitiroberi ndi masamba a masamba, komanso ndi chisamaliro choyambirira, kukolola kwabwino kumasangalatsa wamaluwa nyengo iliyonse.
Momwe mungakulire physalis
Achipatala amafalitsa njira zingapo: kudzifesa, mbewu, mbande, rhizome. Chosavuta kwambiri komanso chodziwika bwino ndi njira ya kubereka. Kubzala zinthu (mbewu) zabwino bwino kumazika mizu panja kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula mbande.
Kukonzekeretsa mbewu kuti mubzale
Choyamba muyenera kunyowetsa mbewu mu njira ya saline yokonzedwa kuchokera ku 250 ml ya madzi ndi supuni 1 yamchere kuti muthe kuzikula. Mbeu zosaoneka bwino (zopanda kanthu) zimayandama pamwamba - ndizosayenera kubereka, ndipo zomwe zamira mpaka pansi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mukatentha, zinthu zofunikira kwambiri kubzala ziyenera kutsukidwa pansi pa madzi (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito suna), kenako ndikuuma bwino. Pafupifupi tsiku limodzi asanafesere, mbewuzo zimayenera kupukutidwa. Monga mankhwala opha majeremusi, mutha kutenga othandizira fungicidal, othandizira kukula kapena yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Pamavuto omwe agulidwa, mbewu ziyenera kukhala zosachepera maola 12, ndipo mu potaziyamu permanganate - pafupifupi mphindi 30.
Chofunika kwambiri pakukula kwazomera ndikubzala nthawi. Mbande zitha kuyamba kumera itatha Epulo 15 - izi ndi pafupifupi miyezi 1.5 musanabzalire mubedi. Nthawi yomweyo pamtunda poyera, physalis imalimbikitsidwa kuti ifesedwe m'dzinja (chisanu) chisanachitike kapena masika, nthawi yowopseza chisanu usiku itatha.
Kusankha malo oti mubzale komanso kukonza dothi
Popeza achibale a physalis ndi a nightshade (mwachitsanzo, tomato ndi mbatata), kubzala m'dera lomwe mbewuzi zimakulira sikofunikira chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo wopanda vuto komanso chiopsezo cha matenda wamba. Koma otsogola monga nkhaka ndi kabichi pa physalis amachita zabwino.
Kuchuluka kwa zokolola ndi kukoma kwa zipatso zimatengera malo oyenera kubzala. Ziyenera kukhala pamalo otentha.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopepuka, ndi kupezeka bwino kwa madzi ndi mpweya. Izi ndizotheka ngati zili ndi kompositi (kapena humus), dimba (kapena turf) kumtunda - gawo limodzi, malo amtendere - magawo awiri, mchenga wam'mphepete - magawo 0,5. Kusakaniza koteroko kwa nthaka kumatha kukonzedwa palokha.
Kubzala mbewu pabedi lotseguka
Mitundu yosanyalanyaza sichita mantha ndi nyengo, ikhoza kubereka modzimira (yodziyesera yokha) ndipo ndiyabwino kubzala mu nthawi yophukira ndi masika. Komabe pali malamulo ena obzala okhazikika, omwe mtundu ndi unyinji wa mphukira zimatengera:
- Simungabzale mbewu zakuya kupitirira 1.5 cm;
- Kubzala pang'ono kumalimbikitsidwa, zomwe zingathandize kuti mbewu zazing'ono zisatambule;
- Pakati pa bedi la maluwa ndikofunikira kusiya mtunda wa pafupifupi 50 cm;
- Kutentha koyenera kwa mawonekedwe a mbande - kuyambira 15 mpaka 17 madigiri kutentha;
- Ngati kutentha kwasintha kwambiri usiku komanso masana, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito pobzala mbewu (usiku);
- Mbewu nthawi yofesa ikhoza kusakanikirana ndi mchenga kapena nthangala za radish, izi zimathandizira kuti mbande zofanana;
- Kutentha kwa dothi komwe kumakonda kubzala mbewu kumachokera kutentha kwa 5 mpaka 7 madigiri (pakuya mpaka 10 cm).
Akasakanizidwa ndi physalis, nthangala za radish sizingasokonezane, chifukwa radish idzakololedwa kale kwambiri kuposa momwe madokotala amamera. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuchititsa kupatulira kwakanthawi kwa mbeu kawiri. Pambuyo pa njirayi yoyamba, mtunda wa pafupifupi masentimita makumi atatu uyenera kukhalabe pakati pa zikhalidwe zachinyamata, ndipo yachiwiri itatha, zochulukanso kawiri.
Mukakwaniritsa malangizowa kuchokera kwa wamaluwa odziwa ntchito, ngakhale popanda mbande, mphukira zazing'ono zimakhala zathanzi komanso zamphamvu.
Njira yambande yofalitsira physalis
Kuti tikukula mbande zapamwamba kwambiri, pofunika chotengera maluwa ndi zina zabwino za mbeu zimafunikira. Nthawi yoyenera kubzala mbewu ndi Epulo, yodzala mbande panthaka kuyambira pa Meyi 15 mpaka Meyi 30.
Kukonzekera dothi m'malo osankhidwa kumakhala ndikuchotsa mu udzu ndi kumasula. Kuti mizu yokhazikitsidwa mwachangu mbande ndikukula bwino bwino, ndikofunikira kusunga malamulo obzala:
- Musanachotse mbande mu tank, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse nthaka kwambiri kuti tisawononge mbewu zazing'ono;
- "Kudzikongoletsa" ndi "Zamasamba" sikuyenera kubzalidwa kopitilira 5 pa mita imodzi imodzi, ndi "Strawberry" - mpaka zidutswa 10;
- Popewa kutambasula mbande, ndikofunikira kubzala malo pakati pa physalis ndi saladi kapena radish;
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbande madzulo, ntchito za dzuwa zikachepa, izi zimathandizira pakukula msanga ndi kufupikitsa kwa nyengo yosinthira;
- Ndiosafunika kuthirira nthawi yomweyo ndikangodzala, chinyontho chotere chimatha kuyambitsa kuoneka kwa kutumphuka panthaka komanso kungasokoneze mpweya kulowa m'nthaka.
Malinga ndi malingaliro onse obzala mbande za osatha a nyengo, mu nyengo zotsatila zoyesayesa zapadera sizidzafunika kuti tipeze mbewu yabwino kwambiri. Chisamaliro chachikulu chidzakhala kuthirira nthaka ndikupanga feteleza ofunikira.
Kusamalira Odwala a Panja
Ndikofunika kupatula nthawi yake maluwa mabedi a mbewu ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda. Popewa matenda ena, odwala onse amalimbikitsidwa kuti aziwotchedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Madzimadzi apamwamba ovala azitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ya maluwa (1 nthawi) komanso pakapangidwe zipatso (2 nthawi ndi nthawi 15 masiku 15). Chomera chilichonse chidzafunika feteleza wa 500 ml wa michere.
Kutsirira kumachitika nthawi 1-2 pa sabata nthawi yonse ya chilimwe, komanso nthawi yotentha komanso youma kwambiri - mpaka kanayi. Kuyambira Seputembala, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kudachepetsedwa mpaka nthawi imodzi pa sabata. Chinyontho chowonjezera sichiyenera kuloledwa.
Kututa
Pathupi limatulutsa chilimwe chonse, ndipo zipatso zimacha kuyambira Julayi mpaka chisanu choyamba. Mitundu ya malalanje ya orenji ikasiya mtundu ndikuuma, izi zikuwonetsa kuti nthawi yakwana yoti mutenge zipatsozo. Nthawi imeneyi, kununkhira kosangalatsa kumawoneka pamabedi, omwe amafalikira kuchokera kucha zipatso. Zosungidwa zazitali osati zipatso zokha, koma "mikanda" yomwe yagwa pansi ndioyenera. Koma chisanu chimasokoneza kusunga zipatso bwino, motero ndikofunikira kukolola zisanachitike. Kubwera chisanu, zipatso zosapsa ziyenera kudulidwa limodzi ndi chitsamba ndikusiyidwa ndikuyimitsidwa mchipinda chouma kuti zipse zomaliza.
